Difference between pages "Mitigating Systemd" and "Install/ru/Overview"

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Funtoo currently has no plans to migrate or adopt systemd as it's default init system. This does '''not''' prevent you from using systemd on your system. [https://coreos.com/ CoreOS], for example, is a systemd based system build on Gentoo.
<noinclude>
{{InstallPart|начальный обзор процесса установки, включая скачивние LiveCD и инструкцию по загрузке.}}
</noinclude>
== Обзор Установки ==


For users not seeking to use systemd, that is, most Funtoo users, this page will serve both as the Funtoo development team's planning for the future, and information on how to avoid systemd in your system.
Общий обзор по установке Funtoo:


== Components of systemd ==
# [[#Live CD|Скачивание и загрузка живого диска]].
# [[#Подготовка жесткого диска|Подготовка диска]].
# [[#Создание файловой системы|Создание]] и [[#Монтирование файловых систем|монтирование]] файловых систем.
# [[#Установка архива Stage 3|Установка  архива Funtoo stage]] по Вашему выбору.
# [[#Изменение корневого каталога в Funtoo|Изменение корневого каталога в новую систему]].
# [[#Скачивание дерева Portage |Скачивние дерева Portage]].
# [[#Настройка Вашей системы|Настройка вашей системы]] и [[#Настройка сети|сети]].
# [[#Конфигурация и установка ядра Линукс|Установка ядра]].
# [[#Установка загрузчика|Установка загрузчика]].
# [[#Заключительные Шаги|Заключительные шаги]].
# [[#Перегрузка системы|Перегрузка системы]].


=== systemd ===
=== Загрузочный Диск ===


Provides replacements for the following daemons or utilities:
Funtoo не предоставляет оффициального загрузочного диска Funtoo Live CD. Мы рекомендуем основанный на Gentoo- [http://www.sysresccd.org/ System Rescue CD]. Он содержит множество полезных программ и утилит и поддерживает 32-битные и 64-битные системы соответственно. Скачайте диск по следующей ссылке:


* {{Package|sys-apps/sysvinit}}
http://www.sysresccd.org/Download
* {{Package|sys-power/pm-utils}}
* {{Package|virtual/inetd}}
* {{Package|sys-power/acpid}}
* [[Installing a Logger|syslog]]
* {{Package|sys-apps/watchdog}}
* [[Installing a Cron Daemon|cron]]
* atd


=== consoled ===
{{Note|Если Вы используете старую версию System Rescue CD, '''убедитесь, что Вы выбрали <code>rescue64</code> ядро в меню загрузки, если Вы устанавливаете 64-битную систему'''. По-умолчанию, System Rescue CD ранее загружался в 32-битном режиме, хотя последние версии пытаются автоматически распознать 64-битные процессоры.}}


Provides a user console daemon and handles Linux Virtual terminal support.
==== Доступ к интернету ====


=== [http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/hostnamed/ hostnamed] ===
Once you have booted System Rescue CD, see if you have Internet access. Internet access is required for installing Funtoo Linux:


This is a tiny daemon that can be used to control the host name and related machine meta data from user programs. It currently offers access to five variables:
<console>
# ##i##ping www.google.com
PING www.google.com (216.58.217.36) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from den03s10-in-f4.1e100.net (216.58.217.36): icmp_seq=1 ttl=57 time=30.1 ms
</console>


* The current host name (Example: dhcp-192-168-47-11)
If the ping is successful (you see <code>64 bytes</code> messages as above,) then your Network is set up. Hit Control-C to stop the ping.
* The static (configured) host name (Example: lennarts-computer)
* The pretty host name (Example: Lennart's Computer)
* A suitable icon name for the local host (Example: computer-laptop)
* A chassis type (Example: "tablet")


=== journald ===
If you need to set up a WiFi connection for Internet access, then this needs to be done using the System Rescue CD graphical environment. Run <code>startx</code> to start a graphical session:


Provides logging functionality.
<console>
# ##i##startx
</console>


Provides replacement for the [[Installing a Logger|system logger]].
Then, use the NetworkManager applet (icon in lower right) to connect to a WiFi network of your choice. Next, open a terminal inside your graphical environment, and you should be able to use the terminal to complete the rest of the steps.


=== [http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/machined/ machined] ===
==== Remote Install ====


The daemon provides both a C library interface (which is shared with logind) as well as a D-Bus interface. The library interface may be used to introspect and watch the state of virtual machines/containers. The bus interface provides the same but in addition may also be used to register or terminate machines.
Alternatively, you can log into System Rescue CD over the network via SSH to perform the install from another computer, and this may be more convenient way to install Funtoo Linux.


=== [http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/localed/ localed] ===
If you'd like to complete the install remotely, here's how. First, you will need to ensure that System Rescue CD has a functioning network connection. Then, you will need to set a root password for System Rescue CD:


This is a tiny daemon that can be used to control the system locale and keyboard mapping from user programs.
<console>
# ##i##passwd
New password: ##i##********
Retype new password: ##i##********
passwd: password updated successfully
#
</console>


=== [http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/logind/ logind] ===
Once you have typed in a password, you will now need to determine the IP address of System Rescue CD, and then you can use <code>ssh</code> to connect to it. To determine the IP address currently being used by System Rescue CD, type <code>ifconfig</code>:


Manages user logins and seats. Replaces {{Package|sys-auth/consolekit}}.
<console>
# ##i##ifconfig
</console>


=== [http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-networkd.html networkd] ===
One of the interfaces should have an IP address (listed as <code>inet addr:</code>) from your LAN. You can then connect remotely, from another system on your LAN, to System Rescue CD, and perform steps from the comfort of an existing OS. On your remote system, type the following, replacing <code>1.2.3.4</code> with the IP address of System Rescue CD. Connecting from an existing Linux or MacOS system would look something like this:


A system service that manages networks. It detects and configures network devices as they appear, as well as creating virtual network devices.
<console>
(remote system) $ ##i##ssh root@1.2.3.4
Password: ##i##**********
</console>


=== resolved ===
{{Note|If you'd like to connect remotely from an existing Microsoft Windows system, you'll need to download an SSH client for Windows, such as [http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/ PuTTY].}}


TODO.
After you've logged in via SSH, you're now connected remotely to System Rescue CD and can perform the installation steps.
 
=== [http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-halt.service.html systemd-shutdown] ===
 
TODO.
 
=== [http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/timedated/ timedated]  ===
 
This is a tiny daemon that can be used to control the system time and related settings. It currently offers access to four settings:
 
* The system time
* The system timezone
* A boolean controlling whether the system RTC is in local or UTC timezone
* Whether the systemd-timesyncd.service (NTP) services is enabled/started or disabled/stopped.
 
=== [http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-timesyncd.service.html timesyncd] ===
 
A system service that may be used to synchronize the local system clock with a remote Network Time Protocol server. It also saves the local time to disk every time the clock has been synchronized and uses this to possibly advance the system realtime clock on subsequent reboots to ensure it monotonically advances even if the system lacks a battery-buffered RTC chip.
 
Alternatives:
 
* {{Package|net-misc/ntp}}
* {{Package|net-misc/openntpd}}
* {{Package|net-misc/ntpclient}}
* {{Package| sys-libs/timezone-data}}
 
 
=== udevd & libudev  ===
 
{{Package|sys-fs/udev}} is a successor to <tt>hotplug</tt> and <tt>devfsd</tt>. It's primary task is to manage device nodes in <tt>/dev</tt>.
 
Alternatives:
* {{Package|sys-fs/eudev}}

Revision as of 16:05, December 29, 2014


   Note

This is a template that is used as part of the Installation instructions which covers: начальный обзор процесса установки, включая скачивние LiveCD и инструкцию по загрузке.. Templates are being used to allow multiple variant install guides that use most of the same re-usable parts.


Обзор Установки

Общий обзор по установке Funtoo:

  1. Скачивание и загрузка живого диска.
  2. Подготовка диска.
  3. Создание и монтирование файловых систем.
  4. Установка архива Funtoo stage по Вашему выбору.
  5. Изменение корневого каталога в новую систему.
  6. Скачивние дерева Portage.
  7. Настройка вашей системы и сети.
  8. Установка ядра.
  9. Установка загрузчика.
  10. Заключительные шаги.
  11. Перегрузка системы.

Загрузочный Диск

Funtoo не предоставляет оффициального загрузочного диска Funtoo Live CD. Мы рекомендуем основанный на Gentoo- System Rescue CD. Он содержит множество полезных программ и утилит и поддерживает 32-битные и 64-битные системы соответственно. Скачайте диск по следующей ссылке:

http://www.sysresccd.org/Download

   Note

Если Вы используете старую версию System Rescue CD, убедитесь, что Вы выбрали rescue64 ядро в меню загрузки, если Вы устанавливаете 64-битную систему. По-умолчанию, System Rescue CD ранее загружался в 32-битном режиме, хотя последние версии пытаются автоматически распознать 64-битные процессоры.

Доступ к интернету

Once you have booted System Rescue CD, see if you have Internet access. Internet access is required for installing Funtoo Linux: 

root # ping www.google.com
PING www.google.com (216.58.217.36) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from den03s10-in-f4.1e100.net (216.58.217.36): icmp_seq=1 ttl=57 time=30.1 ms

If the ping is successful (you see 64 bytes messages as above,) then your Network is set up. Hit Control-C to stop the ping.

If you need to set up a WiFi connection for Internet access, then this needs to be done using the System Rescue CD graphical environment. Run startx to start a graphical session: 

root # startx

Then, use the NetworkManager applet (icon in lower right) to connect to a WiFi network of your choice. Next, open a terminal inside your graphical environment, and you should be able to use the terminal to complete the rest of the steps.

Remote Install

Alternatively, you can log into System Rescue CD over the network via SSH to perform the install from another computer, and this may be more convenient way to install Funtoo Linux.

If you'd like to complete the install remotely, here's how. First, you will need to ensure that System Rescue CD has a functioning network connection. Then, you will need to set a root password for System Rescue CD: 

root # passwd
New password: ********
Retype new password: ********
passwd: password updated successfully
root #

Once you have typed in a password, you will now need to determine the IP address of System Rescue CD, and then you can use ssh to connect to it. To determine the IP address currently being used by System Rescue CD, type ifconfig: 

root # ifconfig

One of the interfaces should have an IP address (listed as inet addr:) from your LAN. You can then connect remotely, from another system on your LAN, to System Rescue CD, and perform steps from the comfort of an existing OS. On your remote system, type the following, replacing 1.2.3.4 with the IP address of System Rescue CD. Connecting from an existing Linux or MacOS system would look something like this: 

(remote system) $ ssh root@1.2.3.4
Password: **********
   Note

If you'd like to connect remotely from an existing Microsoft Windows system, you'll need to download an SSH client for Windows, such as PuTTY.

After you've logged in via SSH, you're now connected remotely to System Rescue CD and can perform the installation steps.

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