Difference between pages "Install/Media" and "Hostname"

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m (make the page less of a carnival.)
 
 
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== Install Media ==
==Introduction==
Most any live or minimal install media iso images can install funtoo. Funtoo suggests sysrescuecdImages may be burned to cd, or loaded on a usb thumb drive by either dd or unetbootinUnetbootin has linux, windows, and mac binaries so anyone can install funtoo from live usb media.
A hostname is a unique name created to identify a machine on a network. In computer networking, a hostname  is a label that is assigned to a device connected to a computer network and that is used to identify the device in various forms of electronic communication such as the World Wide Web, e-mail or Usenet. Hostnames may be simple names consisting of a single word or phrase, or they may be structured.
==Configuration==
In Funtoo Linux <code>/etc/conf.d/hostname</code> is the only configuration file for setting a hostname. In OpenRC framework <code>/etc/conf.d/foo</code> is the configuration file for a corresponding Init script <code>/etc/init.d/foo</code>With the case of hostname, default value in <code>/etc/conf.d/hostname</code> is set to ''localhost'', means when system boots and OpenRC's <code>/etc/init.d/hostname</code> script started a hostname getting only ''localhost'' nameHow it looks?  In your shell promt this will look in following way, an example for root:
<console>
localhost ~ # ##i## Hello :)
</console>
Let's play a bit with a configuration. Open <code>/etc/conf.d/hostname</code> with your favorite editor and set a hostname of your choice.  Below, I will use a real examples  from one of my working test boxes.
<console>
localhost ~ # ##i## nano /etc/conf.d/hostname
</console>
Let's set it to hostname="oleg-stable.host.funtoo.org". Save the file and restart  a hostname service:
<console>
localhost ~ # ##i## service hostname restart
</console>
Now, let's examine our changes, after a restarting a hostname
<console>
oleg-stable ~ # ##i## Hello :)
</console>
== Diving deeper==
Notice, that in above output we seeing a shortened hostname and not a FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name). Don't be frustrated. This is  how  default bash promt <code>PS1</code> set. To get nice promts, please, follow http://www.funtoo.org/Prompt_Magic
Another way to test our settings is using a '''hostname''' command. Here we will show only  some of it's features. Let's try to execute '''hostname''' command:
<console>
oleg-stable ~ # ##i## hostname
oleg-stable.host.funtoo.org
</console>
Now we see our fully qualified domain name hostname just how we configured it in <code>/etc/conf.d/hostname</code> in above paragraph. To get a short hostname we need to set '''-s ''' (short) argument to hostname command.
<console>
oleg-stable ~ # ##i## hostname -s
oleg-stable
</console>
Good! Hostname offers more then just displaying a system host name but can also set one. Let's try:
<console>
oleg-stable ~ # ##i## hostname foo.bar.baz
oleg-stable ~ # ##i## hostname
foo.bar.baz
</console>
As you can see, we changed a hostname on-the-fly. This is not recommended way.
{{fancywarning|Please, notice that using '''hostname''' command to configure will work temporary for a current session and will be reverted back to a value set in <code>/etc/conf.d/hostname</code> file with next system restart.}}


{|class="wikitable"
Now that we got a brief description of a hostname and basic configuration steps, its time to reflect another important case which is directly related to a Funtoo Linux hostname generation, a hosts.
! style="text-align:left;"|distro
! gui
! uefi support
! unetbootin support
! architecture specific
! notes
|-
|[http://www.sysresccd.org/Download Sysrescuecd]
|yes
|yes
|no
|no
|recommended media
|-
|[http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop Ubuntu]
|yes
|unknown
|yes
|yes
|must download specific architecture
|-
|[https://www.debian.org/CD/live/ Debian]
|yes
|unknown
|yes
|yes
|must download specific architecture
|-
|[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/FedoraLiveCD Fedora]
|yes
|unknown
|yes
|yes
|untested
|-
|[http://wiki.centos.org/Download CentOS]
|yes
|unknown
|yes
|yes
|untested
|-
|[https://get.gentoo.org/ Gentoo minimal install]
|no
|unknown
|probably
|yes
|must download specific architecture
|-
|}


i [[User:Threesixes|Threesixes]] ([[User talk:Threesixes|talk]]) suggest we target top 10 distros live media setups.... http://distrowatch.com/dwres.php?resource=popularity  not sure if there is a unetbootin page or not
==Hosts case==
As per man page <code>hosts</code> stands for static table lookup for hostnames and it's configuration file is <code>/etc/hosts</code>. Here is how it looks
{{file|name=/etc/hosts|body=
# Auto-generated hostname. Please do not remove this comment.
127.0.0.1      oleg-stable.host.funtoo.org oleg-stable localhost localhost.localdomain
::1            oleg-stable.host.funtoo.org oleg-stable localhost localhost.localdomain
}}
As you can see it has entries from our <code>/etc/conf.d/hostname</code>. As you may have guessed, in Funtoo Linux <code>/etc/hosts</code> file entries are auto-generated, when OpenRC hostname service starts. Previously, it is used to edit <code>/etc/hosts</code> manually. In Funtoo Linux there is no such need.
 
What about custom hosts entries? This can be easily configured with 'aliases'. For example you want to have a hosts for your remote router or a computer in home LAN. Let's try to modify <code>/etc/conf.d/hostname</code> with adding following - my remote computer oleg.distant.home has an IP 10.1.1.2:
<console>
oleg-stable ~ # ##i## echo 'aliases="10.1.12 oleg.distant.home"' >> /etc/conf.d/hostname
oleg-stable ~ # ##i## service hostname restart
</console>
Examine our changes:
<console>
oleg-stable ~ # ##i## cat /etc/hosts
</console>
{{file|name=/etc/hosts|body=
# Auto-generated hostname. Please do not remove this comment.
10.1.1.2        oleg.distant.home
127.0.0.1      oleg-stable.host.funtoo.org oleg-stable localhost localhost.localdomain
::1            oleg-stable.host.funtoo.org oleg-stable localhost localhost.localdomain
}}

Revision as of 16:06, February 24, 2015

Introduction

A hostname is a unique name created to identify a machine on a network. In computer networking, a hostname is a label that is assigned to a device connected to a computer network and that is used to identify the device in various forms of electronic communication such as the World Wide Web, e-mail or Usenet. Hostnames may be simple names consisting of a single word or phrase, or they may be structured.

Configuration

In Funtoo Linux /etc/conf.d/hostname is the only configuration file for setting a hostname. In OpenRC framework /etc/conf.d/foo is the configuration file for a corresponding Init script /etc/init.d/foo. With the case of hostname, default value in /etc/conf.d/hostname is set to localhost, means when system boots and OpenRC's /etc/init.d/hostname script started a hostname getting only localhost name. How it looks? In your shell promt this will look in following way, an example for root:

localhost ~ #  Hello :)

Let's play a bit with a configuration. Open /etc/conf.d/hostname with your favorite editor and set a hostname of your choice. Below, I will use a real examples from one of my working test boxes.

localhost ~ #  nano /etc/conf.d/hostname

Let's set it to hostname="oleg-stable.host.funtoo.org". Save the file and restart a hostname service:

localhost ~ #  service hostname restart

Now, let's examine our changes, after a restarting a hostname

oleg-stable ~ #  Hello :)

Diving deeper

Notice, that in above output we seeing a shortened hostname and not a FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name). Don't be frustrated. This is how default bash promt PS1 set. To get nice promts, please, follow http://www.funtoo.org/Prompt_Magic Another way to test our settings is using a hostname command. Here we will show only some of it's features. Let's try to execute hostname command:

oleg-stable ~ #  hostname
oleg-stable.host.funtoo.org

Now we see our fully qualified domain name hostname just how we configured it in /etc/conf.d/hostname in above paragraph. To get a short hostname we need to set -s (short) argument to hostname command.

oleg-stable ~ #  hostname -s
oleg-stable

Good! Hostname offers more then just displaying a system host name but can also set one. Let's try:

oleg-stable ~ #  hostname foo.bar.baz
oleg-stable ~ #  hostname 
foo.bar.baz

As you can see, we changed a hostname on-the-fly. This is not recommended way.

   Warning

Please, notice that using hostname command to configure will work temporary for a current session and will be reverted back to a value set in /etc/conf.d/hostname file with next system restart.

Now that we got a brief description of a hostname and basic configuration steps, its time to reflect another important case which is directly related to a Funtoo Linux hostname generation, a hosts.

Hosts case

As per man page hosts stands for static table lookup for hostnames and it's configuration file is /etc/hosts. Here is how it looks

   /etc/hosts
# Auto-generated hostname. Please do not remove this comment.
127.0.0.1       oleg-stable.host.funtoo.org oleg-stable localhost localhost.localdomain
::1             oleg-stable.host.funtoo.org oleg-stable localhost localhost.localdomain

As you can see it has entries from our /etc/conf.d/hostname. As you may have guessed, in Funtoo Linux /etc/hosts file entries are auto-generated, when OpenRC hostname service starts. Previously, it is used to edit /etc/hosts manually. In Funtoo Linux there is no such need.

What about custom hosts entries? This can be easily configured with 'aliases'. For example you want to have a hosts for your remote router or a computer in home LAN. Let's try to modify /etc/conf.d/hostname with adding following - my remote computer oleg.distant.home has an IP 10.1.1.2:

oleg-stable ~ #  echo 'aliases="10.1.12 oleg.distant.home"' >> /etc/conf.d/hostname
oleg-stable ~ #  service hostname restart
Examine our changes:
oleg-stable ~ #  cat /etc/hosts
   /etc/hosts
# Auto-generated hostname. Please do not remove this comment.
10.1.1.2        oleg.distant.home
127.0.0.1       oleg-stable.host.funtoo.org oleg-stable localhost localhost.localdomain
::1             oleg-stable.host.funtoo.org oleg-stable localhost localhost.localdomain