Difference between pages "Install/pt-br/BootLoader" and "Package:Eselect (OpenGL)"

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(update on config issue)
 
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=== Instalar um Bootloader ===
{{Ebuild
|Summary=A Gentoo/Funtoo utility that allows the active OpenGL implementation on a system to be switched between a variety of installed options.
|CatPkg=app-admin/eselect-opengl
|Maintainer=
}}
== Introduction ==


Estas instruções de instalação the mostra como usar o GRUB para o boot utilizando BIOS (moda antiga) ou UEFI (moderno). Como no boot-update-1.7.2, agora no Portage, os passos são muito similares.
Eselect (OpenGL) (also called <tt>eselect-opengl</tt>) is a module for [[Package:Eselect|Eselect]] that allows the OpenGL implementation on a Funtoo Linux or Gentoo Linux system to be switched between a variety of installed OpenGL implementations. It functions by creating an <tt>env.d</tt> file at <tt>/etc/env.d/03opengl</tt> which contains OpenGL settings, as well as managing symbolic links to OpenGL libraries and headers.  


Primeiro, emerge <code>boot-update</code>. Isso também causará que o <code>grub-2</code> e o {{c|efibootmgr}} sejam emergidos (merged), desde que eles são dependências:
=== Sample env.d File ===
 
A sample <tt>env.d</tt> file for a multilib system with xorg-x11 OpenGL implementation may look like this:
 
{{file|name=/etc/env.d/03opengl|desc=An example env.d file for eselect-opengl|body=
# Configuration file for eselect
# This file has been automatically generated.
LDPATH="/usr/lib32/opengl/xorg-x11/lib:/usr/lib64/opengl/xorg-x11/lib"
OPENGL_PROFILE="xorg-x11"
}}
 
== Implementation ==
 
Eselect-opengl is implemented as a single bash-based [[Package:Eselect|Eselect]] module approximately 10K in size, installed at <tt>/usr/share/eselect/modules/opengl.eselect</tt>. One interfaces with this module via the main <tt>eselect</tt> command:


<console>
<console>
(chroot) # ##i##emerge boot-update
# ##i##eselect opengl help
Manage the OpenGL implementation used by your system
Usage: eselect opengl <action> <options>
 
##g##Standard actions:
  help                      Display help text
  usage                    Display usage information
  version                  Display version information
 
##g##Extra actions:
  list                      List the available OpenGL implementations.
  set <target>              Select the OpenGL implementation.
    <target>                  The profile to activate
    --use-old                If an implementation is already set, use that one instead
    --prefix=<val>            Set the source prefix (default: /usr)
    --dst-prefix=<val>        Set the destination prefix (default: /usr)
    --ignore-missing          Ignore missing files when setting a new implementation
  show                      Print the current OpenGL implementation.
</console>
</console>


Depois, edite <code>/etc/boot.conf</code> utilizando {{c|nano}} e especifique "<code>Funtoo Linux genkernel</code>" como a configuração <code>default</code> no topo do arquivo, substituindo <code>"Funtoo Linux"</code>.  
== What is Switched ==
 
Using <tt>eselect opengl set</tt> causes the following symbolic links to be updated to point to the files corresponding to the OpenGL implementation that you chose:
 
* ''Libraries'' (32-bit and 64-bit):
** <tt>/usr/lib(64)/libGL.so.*</tt>
** <tt>/usr/lib(64)/libEGL.so.*</tt>
** <tt>/usr/lib/(32|64|)/libGLESv1.so.*</tt>
** <tt>/usr/lib/(32|64|)/libGLESv2.so.*</tt>
* ''C Headers'':
** <tt>/usr/include/GL/*</tt>
** <tt>/usr/include/EGL/*</tt>
** <tt>/usr/include/KHR/*</tt>
* <tt>/usr/lib(64|)/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so</tt>


<code>/etc/boot.conf</code> deve agora parecer como isso:
The symbolic links point to an installed OpenGL implementation, stored inside <tt>/usr/lib(32|64|)/opengl/(implementation-name)</tt>. These files are structured as follows:


<pre>
* <tt>/usr/lib/opengl/(implementation-name)/lib</tt>
boot {
* <tt>/usr/lib/opengl/(implementation-name)/include/(GL|EGL|KHR)</tt>
generate grub
* <tt>/usr/lib/opengl/(implementation-name)/extensions/libglx.so</tt>
default "Funtoo Linux genkernel"
timeout 3
}


"Funtoo Linux" {
On multilib systems, ebuilds that provide an OpenGL implementation install 32-bit libraries in <tt>/usr/lib32/opengl/(implementation name)/lib</tt> and 64-bit libraries in <tt>/usr/lib64/opengl/(implementation name)/lib</tt>.
kernel bzImage[-v]
}


"Funtoo Linux genkernel" {
== Criticisms ==
kernel kernel[-v]
initrd initramfs[-v]
params += real_root=auto
}


"Funtoo Linux better-initramfs" {
=== Violation of Build Consistency ===
kernel vmlinuz[-v]
initrd /initramfs.cpio.gz
}
</pre>


Se você estiver inicializando um kernel personalisado ou não padrão, por favor leia <code>man boot.conf</code> para informações nas várias opções disponíveis para você.
As documented in {{Bug|FL-1309}}, sometimes packages fail to merge when the "wrong" eselect opengl implementation is selected. This violates Portage's ability to consistently build a package from source, assuming all its dependencies are satisfied. This could be classified as a design bug -- eselect-opengl is functioning as intended, but its underlying theory of operation is not correct.


==== Moda Antiga (BIOS) MBR ====
== eselect-opengl-1.3* experiment ==


Quando utilizar inicialização "a moda antiga (old school)" pela BIOS, execute o seguinte comando para instalar o GRUB no seu MBR, e gere o arquivo de configuração {{c|/boot/grub/grub.cfg}} que o GRUB utilizará para a inicialização:
=== Introduction ===


<console>
As a result of {{Bug|FL-1309}}, an experimental solution was implemented in eselect-opengl-1.3*. With this version, all packages are built unconditionally against xorg-x11 OpenGL implementation and the other implementations are used only in runtime.
(chroot) # ##i##grub-install --target=i386-pc --no-floppy /dev/sda
(chroot) # ##i##boot-update
</console>


==== Entrada de Boot moderno (UEFI) ====
The rationale for this design change is that:
# There should be a consistent and repeatable build/linking process for all OpenGL applications.
# AMD and NVIDIA implementations of OpenGL are designed to be more of a "drop-in" runtime replacement for xorg-x11, rather than a standalone replacement for xorg-x11, and thus appear to exhibit more build-time bugs.


Se você estiver utilizando inicialização "moderna" com o UEFI, uma execução do seguinte conjunto de comandos, dependendo se você estiver instalando um sistema de 64-bit ou de 32-bit. Isso aicionará GRUB como uma entrada de boot UEFI.
=== Implementation ===


Para sistemas x86-64bit:
The new version of eselect-opengl switched two files:
* an env.d file <tt>000opengl</tt> specifying <tt>LDPATH</tt> for the run-time implementation override,
* an xorg.conf.d file overriding the ModulePath for custom glx xorg modules.


<console>
The env.d file has the same contents as the original one, except that the name was changed to ensure that the additional linker paths are added before the system paths where xorg-x11 libraries are installed.
(chroot) # ##i##grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id="Funtoo Linux [GRUB]" --recheck /dev/sda
(chroot) # ##i##boot-update
</console>


Para sistemas x86-32bit:
The xorg.conf.d sets ModulePaths for non-xorg module replacements (such as the nvidia glx module), if necessary.


<console>
=== Issues ===
(chroot) # ##i##grub-install --target=i386-efi --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id="Funtoo Linux [GRUB]" --recheck /dev/sda
(chroot) # ##i##boot-update
</console>


==== Primeiro Boot, e no futuro... ====
The widespread testing of eselect-opengl-1.3* has proven some issues with the new design:


OK -- você está pronto para inicializar!
# <del>xorg-server is unable to handle multiple occurences of <tt>Files</tt> section gracefully. Therefore, eselect-opengl's generated xorg.conf.d file collides with many user-defined configurations.</del> (this has been patched locally and the patch is awaiting upstream review)
# There are rumors of arm mali's prioprietary OpenGL implementations requiring applications to be built against its own GLES headers.


Você só precisa executar <code>grub-install</code> quando você instalar o Funtoo Linux pela primeira vez, mas você precisa re-executar <code>boot-update</code> toda vez que você modificar o seu arquivo <code>/etc/boot.conf</code> ou adicionar novos kernels ao seu sistema. Isso irá gerar {{c|/boot/grub/grub.cfg}} então assim você terá novos kernels disponíveis no seu GRUB boot menu, a próxima vez que você reiniciar.
{{EbuildFooter}}

Revision as of 16:59, February 28, 2015

Eselect (OpenGL)

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Introduction

Eselect (OpenGL) (also called eselect-opengl) is a module for Eselect that allows the OpenGL implementation on a Funtoo Linux or Gentoo Linux system to be switched between a variety of installed OpenGL implementations. It functions by creating an env.d file at /etc/env.d/03opengl which contains OpenGL settings, as well as managing symbolic links to OpenGL libraries and headers.

Sample env.d File

A sample env.d file for a multilib system with xorg-x11 OpenGL implementation may look like this:

   /etc/env.d/03opengl - An example env.d file for eselect-opengl
# Configuration file for eselect
# This file has been automatically generated.
LDPATH="/usr/lib32/opengl/xorg-x11/lib:/usr/lib64/opengl/xorg-x11/lib"
OPENGL_PROFILE="xorg-x11"

Implementation

Eselect-opengl is implemented as a single bash-based Eselect module approximately 10K in size, installed at /usr/share/eselect/modules/opengl.eselect. One interfaces with this module via the main eselect command: 

root # eselect opengl help
Manage the OpenGL implementation used by your system
Usage: eselect opengl <action> <options>

root ##g##Standard actions:
  help                      Display help text
  usage                     Display usage information
  version                   Display version information

root ##g##Extra actions:
  list                      List the available OpenGL implementations.
  set <target>              Select the OpenGL implementation.
    <target>                  The profile to activate
    --use-old                 If an implementation is already set, use that one instead
    --prefix=<val>            Set the source prefix (default: /usr)
    --dst-prefix=<val>        Set the destination prefix (default: /usr)
    --ignore-missing          Ignore missing files when setting a new implementation
  show                      Print the current OpenGL implementation.

What is Switched

Using eselect opengl set causes the following symbolic links to be updated to point to the files corresponding to the OpenGL implementation that you chose:

  • Libraries (32-bit and 64-bit):
    • /usr/lib(64)/libGL.so.*
    • /usr/lib(64)/libEGL.so.*
    • /usr/lib/(32|64|)/libGLESv1.so.*
    • /usr/lib/(32|64|)/libGLESv2.so.*
  • C Headers:
    • /usr/include/GL/*
    • /usr/include/EGL/*
    • /usr/include/KHR/*
  • /usr/lib(64|)/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so

The symbolic links point to an installed OpenGL implementation, stored inside /usr/lib(32|64|)/opengl/(implementation-name). These files are structured as follows:

  • /usr/lib/opengl/(implementation-name)/lib
  • /usr/lib/opengl/(implementation-name)/include/(GL|EGL|KHR)
  • /usr/lib/opengl/(implementation-name)/extensions/libglx.so

On multilib systems, ebuilds that provide an OpenGL implementation install 32-bit libraries in /usr/lib32/opengl/(implementation name)/lib and 64-bit libraries in /usr/lib64/opengl/(implementation name)/lib.

Criticisms

Violation of Build Consistency

As documented in FL-1309, sometimes packages fail to merge when the "wrong" eselect opengl implementation is selected. This violates Portage's ability to consistently build a package from source, assuming all its dependencies are satisfied. This could be classified as a design bug -- eselect-opengl is functioning as intended, but its underlying theory of operation is not correct.

eselect-opengl-1.3* experiment

Introduction

As a result of FL-1309, an experimental solution was implemented in eselect-opengl-1.3*. With this version, all packages are built unconditionally against xorg-x11 OpenGL implementation and the other implementations are used only in runtime.

The rationale for this design change is that:

  1. There should be a consistent and repeatable build/linking process for all OpenGL applications.
  2. AMD and NVIDIA implementations of OpenGL are designed to be more of a "drop-in" runtime replacement for xorg-x11, rather than a standalone replacement for xorg-x11, and thus appear to exhibit more build-time bugs.

Implementation

The new version of eselect-opengl switched two files:

  • an env.d file 000opengl specifying LDPATH for the run-time implementation override,
  • an xorg.conf.d file overriding the ModulePath for custom glx xorg modules.

The env.d file has the same contents as the original one, except that the name was changed to ensure that the additional linker paths are added before the system paths where xorg-x11 libraries are installed.

The xorg.conf.d sets ModulePaths for non-xorg module replacements (such as the nvidia glx module), if necessary.

Issues

The widespread testing of eselect-opengl-1.3* has proven some issues with the new design:

  1. xorg-server is unable to handle multiple occurences of Files section gracefully. Therefore, eselect-opengl's generated xorg.conf.d file collides with many user-defined configurations. (this has been patched locally and the patch is awaiting upstream review)
  2. There are rumors of arm mali's prioprietary OpenGL implementations requiring applications to be built against its own GLES headers.


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