Difference between pages "Package:NVIDIA Linux Display Drivers" and "Install/BootLoader"

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{{Ebuild
<noinclude>
|Summary=NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver
{{InstallPart|boot loader configuration}}
|CatPkg=x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers
</noinclude>
|Repository=Funtoo Overlay
=== Installing a Bootloader ===
|Overlay=Funtoo
 
}}
These install instructions show you how to use GRUB to boot using BIOS (old-school) or UEFI (new-school).
== Introduction ==
 
NVIDIA have proprietary graphics drivers for Linux under binary blob. The alternative open source driver is {{Package|x11-drivers/xf86-video-nouveau}}.
==== Old School (BIOS) ====


== Preparing to Install ==
If you're using the BIOS to boot, setting up GRUB, the bootloader, is pretty easy.
=== Hardware compatibility and driver versions ===
Currently, there are five versions of meta NVIDIA Linux drivers, each of which supports a specific group of GPUs. To check the type of driver that is related to your video card, check out the official page of the NVIDIA [http://www.nvidia.com/object/IO_32667.html complete list of supported GPUs]


If you have identified as your driver version 337.25, for example, you need the mask(s) driver(s) latest(s) to which you want to install.
To use this recommended boot method, first emerge <code>boot-update</code>. This will also cause <code>grub-2</code> to be merged, since it is a dependency of <code>boot-update</code>.


<console>
<console>
###i## echo “>x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers-340” >> /etc/portage/package.mask
(chroot) # ##i##emerge boot-update
</console>
</console>


=== The required kernel options ===
Then, edit <code>/etc/boot.conf</code> and specify "<code>Funtoo Linux genkernel</code>" as the <code>default</code> setting at the top of the file, replacing <code>"Funtoo Linux"</code>.


{{kernelop|desc=
<code>/etc/boot.conf</code> should now look like this:
[*] Enable loadable module support
 
}}
<pre>
{{kernelop|desc=
boot {
[*] MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) support
generate grub
}}
default "Funtoo Linux genkernel"
To we made a successful compilation of the legacy NVIDIA driver, we set before the removal of the native framebuffer drivers into the kernel in order to avoid conflicts for x86 and AMD64 processors, in this case.
timeout 3
{{kernelop|desc=
}
Device Drivers --->
      Graphics support --->
            <*> Support for frame buffer devices --->
                  <> NVIDIA Framebuffer Support
                  <> NVIDIA Riva support
}}


{{tip|An alternative is to [[uvesafb|uvesafb]] framebuffer, which can be installed in parallel with nvidia-drivers }}
"Funtoo Linux" {
kernel bzImage[-v]
}


== Installation ==
"Funtoo Linux genkernel" {
kernel kernel[-v]
initrd initramfs[-v]
params += real_root=auto
}


Upgrade and/or configure <tt>VIDEO_CARDS</tt>  variable to <tt>nvidia</tt> in <tt>/etc/make.conf</tt>. This will serve to while you are installing the Server X, the correct version of nvidia-drivers to be provided for you.
"Funtoo Linux better-initramfs" {
<console>
kernel vmlinuz[-v]
# ##i##nano /etc/make.conf
initrd /initramfs.cpio.gz
VIDEO_CARDS="nvidia"
}
</console>
</pre>


{{note|Installing to the driver with the option in '''gtk''' use flags will make it installed the <tt>media-video/nvidia-settings</tt> which is a graphical tool for monitoring and various settings for your video card}}
Please read <code>man boot.conf</code> for further details.


=== Emerging the package ===
===== Running grub-install and boot-update =====
<console>
###i## emerge x11-drivers/nvidia-drives
</console>


When the installation is complete run '''modprobe''' nvidia module to read kernel memory.
Finally, we will need to actually install the GRUB boot loader to your disk, and also run <code>boot-update</code> which will generate your boot loader configuration file:


<console>
<console>
###i## lsmod | grep nvidia
(chroot) # ##i##grub-install --no-floppy /dev/sda
(chroot) # ##i##boot-update
</console>
</console>
If an update before remove the old module
 
Now you need to update your boot loader configuration file:
<console>
<console>
###i## rmmod nvidia
(chroot) # ##i##boot-update
###i## modprobe nvidia
</console>
</console>
You only need to run <code>grub-install</code> when you first install Funtoo Linux, but you need to re-run <code>boot-update</code> every time you modify your <code>/etc/boot.conf</code> file, so your changes are applied on next boot.
==== New School (UEFI) ====
If you're using UEFI to boot, setting up the boot loader is a bit more complicated for now, but this process will be improving soon. Perform the following steps.
===== Emerging GRUB =====
You will still use GRUB as a boot loader, but before emerging grub, you will need to enable EFI booting. To do this,
add the following line to <code>/etc/make.conf</code>:
<pre>
For 64-bit systems:
GRUB_PLATFORMS="efi-64"
For 32-bit systems, i.e. Intel Atom devices and systems with less than 4GB of RAM:
GRUB_PLATFORMS="efi-32"
</pre>
Then, <code>emerge boot-update</code>. You will notice <code>grub</code> and <code>efibootmgr</code> getting pulled in as dependencies. This is expected and good:


=== Testing your Video Card ===
To test your video card run the glxinfo program, which is part of the mesa-progs package. This will check if direct rendering is enabled.
<console>
<console>
$ ##i##glxinfo | grep direct
(chroot) # ##i##emerge boot-update
$ ##i## direct rendering: yes
</console>
</console>


== Configuring ==
===== Installing GRUB =====
=== Loading at boot ===
 
To automate the loading of the module when you boot your system, add '''nvidia''' in modules variable.
Now, for the magic of getting everything in place for booting. You should copy your kernel and initramfs (if you have one -- you will if you are following the default install) to <tt>/boot</tt>. GRUB will boot those. But how do we get UEFI to boot GRUB? Well, we need to run the following command (for 32 bit simply set it as i386-efi):
 
<console>
<console>
# ##i##nano /etc/conf.d/modules
(chroot) # ##i##grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id="Funtoo Linux [GRUB]" --recheck /dev/sda
modules="nvidia"
</console>
</console>
This command will simply install all the stuff to <tt>/boot/EFI</tt> and <tt>/boot/grub</tt> that your system needs to boot. In particular, the <tt>/boot/EFI/grub/grubx64.efi</tt> file will be created. This is the GRUB boot image that UEFI will load and start.
A more detailed explanation of the flags used in the above command:
* <code>--target=x86_64-efi</code>: Tells GRUB that we want to install it in a way that allows it to boot in UEFI
* <code>--efi-directory=/boot</code>: All GRUB UEFI files will be installed in ''/boot''
* <code>--bootloader-id="Funtoo Linux [GRUB]"</code>: This flag is not necessary for GRUB to boot. However, it allows you to change the text of the boot option in the UEFI BIOS. The stuff in the quotes can be set to anything that you would like.
* <code>--recheck</code>: If a device map already exists on the disk or partition that GRUB is being installed on, it will be removed.
* <code>/dev/sda</code>:The device that we are installing GRUB on.
===== Configuring GRUB =====
OK, now UEFI has the GRUB image it needs to boot. But we still need to configure GRUB itself so it finds and boots your kernel and initramfs. This is done by performing the following steps. Since boot-update doesn't yet support UEFI, we will use boot-update, but then edit our <code>/boot/grub/grub.cfg</code> to support UEFI booting.
First, you will need to edit <code>/etc/boot.conf</code>. Format this as you would if you were booting without UEFI. If you are not sure how this should look, below is an example of what it could look like if you are booting from an unencrypted ext4 partition:


=== Integration with X Server ===
{{file|name=/etc/boot.conf|desc=|body=
When your X server is installed find, and there's <tt>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</tt> you can run the nvidia-xconfig which will set in xorg.conf to identify the video card among other possible configurations.
boot {
{{file|name=/etc/X11/xorg.conf|body=
        generate grub
Section "Device"
        default "Funtoo Linux"
    Identifier    "nvidia"
         timeout 3
    Driver         "nvidia"
}
    VendorName    "NVIDIA Corporation"
 
    BoardName      "[Name] [Model]"
"Funtoo Linux" {
EndSection
        kernel vmlinuz[-v]
        params += rootfstype=ext4 root=/dev/sda2
}
}}
}}


=== Enabling NVIDIA Support ===
After you have edited your <code>/etc/boot.conf</code> file, run <code>boot-update</code>. You should now have a <code>/boot/grub/grub.cfg</code> file, which you can edit using the following command:
Include the use flag in '''nvidia''' in <tt>/etc/make.conf</tt> so due to applications that make use of this advantage may withdraw.
 
<console>
<console>
# ##i##nano /etc/make.conf
# ##i##nano /boot/grub/grub.cfg
USE="nvidia"
</console>
</console>


=== Enabling OpenGL/OpenCL ===
As a requirement, make sure that the Xorg server is not in use during this change. To enable OpenGL and OpenCL.
<console>
###i## eselect opengl set nvidia
###i## eselect opencl set nvidia
</console>


[[Category:Video Cards]]
To get your <code>/boot/grub/grub.cfg</code> to support booting with UEFI, make the following changes. Below the existing insmod lines, add the following lines.  Both of these involve adding support for the UEFI framebuffer to GRUB.:
[[Category:First Steps]]
 
{{EbuildFooter}}
<pre>
  insmod efi_gop
  insmod efi_uga
</pre>
 
Then, change the <code>set gfxpayload</code> line to read as follows. UEFI does not support text mode, so we will keep video initialized to the current resolution.:
 
<pre>
  set gfxpayload=keep
</pre>
 
You can now save your changes by pressing <code>Control-X</code> and answering <code>y</code> when asked if you want to save the modified buffer. When prompted for a filename, hit Enter to use the existing filename.

Revision as of 07:40, January 1, 2015


   Note

This is a template that is used as part of the Installation instructions which covers: boot loader configuration. Templates are being used to allow multiple variant install guides that use most of the same re-usable parts.


Installing a Bootloader

These install instructions show you how to use GRUB to boot using BIOS (old-school) or UEFI (new-school).

Old School (BIOS)

If you're using the BIOS to boot, setting up GRUB, the bootloader, is pretty easy.

To use this recommended boot method, first emerge boot-update. This will also cause grub-2 to be merged, since it is a dependency of boot-update.

(chroot) # emerge boot-update

Then, edit /etc/boot.conf and specify "Funtoo Linux genkernel" as the default setting at the top of the file, replacing "Funtoo Linux".

/etc/boot.conf should now look like this:

boot {
	generate grub
	default "Funtoo Linux genkernel" 
	timeout 3 
}

"Funtoo Linux" {
	kernel bzImage[-v]
}

"Funtoo Linux genkernel" {
	kernel kernel[-v]
	initrd initramfs[-v]
	params += real_root=auto 
} 

"Funtoo Linux better-initramfs" {
	kernel vmlinuz[-v]
	initrd /initramfs.cpio.gz
}

Please read man boot.conf for further details.

Running grub-install and boot-update

Finally, we will need to actually install the GRUB boot loader to your disk, and also run boot-update which will generate your boot loader configuration file:

(chroot) # grub-install --no-floppy /dev/sda
(chroot) # boot-update

Now you need to update your boot loader configuration file:

(chroot) # boot-update

You only need to run grub-install when you first install Funtoo Linux, but you need to re-run boot-update every time you modify your /etc/boot.conf file, so your changes are applied on next boot.

New School (UEFI)

If you're using UEFI to boot, setting up the boot loader is a bit more complicated for now, but this process will be improving soon. Perform the following steps.

Emerging GRUB

You will still use GRUB as a boot loader, but before emerging grub, you will need to enable EFI booting. To do this, add the following line to /etc/make.conf:


For 64-bit systems:

GRUB_PLATFORMS="efi-64"

For 32-bit systems, i.e. Intel Atom devices and systems with less than 4GB of RAM:

GRUB_PLATFORMS="efi-32"

Then, emerge boot-update. You will notice grub and efibootmgr getting pulled in as dependencies. This is expected and good:

(chroot) # emerge boot-update
Installing GRUB

Now, for the magic of getting everything in place for booting. You should copy your kernel and initramfs (if you have one -- you will if you are following the default install) to /boot. GRUB will boot those. But how do we get UEFI to boot GRUB? Well, we need to run the following command (for 32 bit simply set it as i386-efi):

(chroot) # grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id="Funtoo Linux [GRUB]" --recheck /dev/sda

This command will simply install all the stuff to /boot/EFI and /boot/grub that your system needs to boot. In particular, the /boot/EFI/grub/grubx64.efi file will be created. This is the GRUB boot image that UEFI will load and start.

A more detailed explanation of the flags used in the above command:

  • --target=x86_64-efi: Tells GRUB that we want to install it in a way that allows it to boot in UEFI
  • --efi-directory=/boot: All GRUB UEFI files will be installed in /boot
  • --bootloader-id="Funtoo Linux [GRUB]": This flag is not necessary for GRUB to boot. However, it allows you to change the text of the boot option in the UEFI BIOS. The stuff in the quotes can be set to anything that you would like.
  • --recheck: If a device map already exists on the disk or partition that GRUB is being installed on, it will be removed.
  • /dev/sda:The device that we are installing GRUB on.
Configuring GRUB

OK, now UEFI has the GRUB image it needs to boot. But we still need to configure GRUB itself so it finds and boots your kernel and initramfs. This is done by performing the following steps. Since boot-update doesn't yet support UEFI, we will use boot-update, but then edit our /boot/grub/grub.cfg to support UEFI booting.

First, you will need to edit /etc/boot.conf. Format this as you would if you were booting without UEFI. If you are not sure how this should look, below is an example of what it could look like if you are booting from an unencrypted ext4 partition:

   /etc/boot.conf
boot {
        generate grub
        default "Funtoo Linux"
        timeout 3
}

"Funtoo Linux" {
        kernel vmlinuz[-v]
        params += rootfstype=ext4 root=/dev/sda2
}

After you have edited your /etc/boot.conf file, run boot-update. You should now have a /boot/grub/grub.cfg file, which you can edit using the following command:

root # nano /boot/grub/grub.cfg


To get your /boot/grub/grub.cfg to support booting with UEFI, make the following changes. Below the existing insmod lines, add the following lines. Both of these involve adding support for the UEFI framebuffer to GRUB.:

  insmod efi_gop
  insmod efi_uga

Then, change the set gfxpayload line to read as follows. UEFI does not support text mode, so we will keep video initialized to the current resolution.:

  set gfxpayload=keep

You can now save your changes by pressing Control-X and answering y when asked if you want to save the modified buffer. When prompted for a filename, hit Enter to use the existing filename.