Difference between revisions of "Package:VirtualBox"

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'''VirtualBox''' is a free and open source [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtualization virtualization] '[https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypervisor hypervisor]' for x86-based machines. VirtualBox can be installed and run on GNU/Linux and other Operating Systems.
The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_machine virtual machines] provided by VirtualBox can be used to run a number of guest Operating Systems such as GNU/Linux, Windows, and others.
VirtualBox is available for Funtoo Linux on the ''arch'' profiles '''x86-32bit''', '''x86-64bit''' and '''pure-64'''.
VirtualBox Homepage: https://www.virtualbox.org
== Glossary of Terms ==
== Glossary of Terms ==


:;Host O/S : system running on computer you are actually on;
{{TableStart}}
:;Guest O/S : system installed within VirtualBox;
{{2ColHead|Term|Explanation}}
:;Guest Additions : drivers for the Guest O/S.
{{2Col|'''''Host OS''''' |An install of Funtoo Linux on physical hardware. VirtualBox will be installed to and run from here.}}
{{2Col|'''''Guest OS'''''|The Operating System that is run '''within a Virtual Machine''' provided by VirtualBox. The Guest OS could be Funtoo Linux, another GNU/Linux distribution, Windows, etc.}}
{{2Col|'''''Guest Additions'''''|''Guest Additions'' is a collection of  applications, libraries and kernel modules/drivers that are installed in your Guest OS. These provide support for graphics, networking, and other features such as file transfer and Guest access to real physical devices such as a USB flash drive.}}
{{TableEnd}}


== Binary VirtualBox ==
== Host OS Installation ==
VirtualBox can be installed onto your Host OS - Funtoo Linux - using one of two packages: {{c|app-emulation/virtualbox}} or {{c|app-emulation/virtualbox-bin}}. The latter "-bin" package is a binary (precompiled) copy of VirtualBox. Installing this may be preferable on machines with low computing power.


VirtualBox is also available as a binary package.  If you wish to use the binary version see:
For a typical install, run
{{console|body=
###i## emerge --ask app-emulation/virtualbox
}}


{{package|app-emulation/virtualbox-bin}}
=== Assign VirtualBox Users ===


The binary package contains extensions which are not available with the source package.
Normal non-root users will not be able to use VirtualBox immediately after it has been installed. The Users that are to use VirtualBox must first become a member of the group  {{c|vboxusers}}. For example, a user ''alice'' is added to {{c|vboxusers}}


== Installation ==
{{console|body=
###i## gpasswd -a alice vboxusers
}}


<console>
If currently logged in the User added to {{c|vboxusers}} must first log out before the changes will have an effect.
###i## echo "app-emulation/virtualbox-extpack-oracle PUEL" >> /etc/portage/package.license/virtualbox
###i## emerge app-emulation/virtualbox
</console>


Installation of <code>app-emulation/virtualbox</code> implies <code>app-emulation/virtualbox-extpack-oracle</code>.
=== Load VirtualBox Kernel Modules ===


== Guest Additions ==
VirtualBox requires one or more Linux kernel modules to be loaded on the Host OS (Funtoo Linux) in order to function. As of VirtualBox version 5 these are provided by the package {{c|app-emulation/virtualbox-drivers}} which is installed automatically (as a dependency) when you install app-emulation/virtualbox.


Make sure that user running X session belongs to <code>vboxguest</code> group. Create group when it does not exist. Add user to the group. That will enable :
As ''root '' load these modules in a terminal
{{console|body=
###i## modprobe vboxdrv
###i## modprobe vboxnetadp
###i## modprobe vboxnetflt
}}
 
Each time the Host machine (Funtoo Linux) is rebooted the modules will be unloaded. The modules can be loaded automatically during system startup via OpenRC (sys-app/openrc). To achieve this, edit the file {{f|/etc/conf.d/modules}} to contain the following line
{{file|name=/etc/conf.d/modules|body=
modules="vboxdrv vboxnetadp vboxnetflt"
}}


*Shared clipboard;
=== Starting VirtualBox ===
*Display resizing;
VirtualBox can be started from a terminal.
*Seamless mode;
{{console|body=
*Drag & Drop.
$##i## virtualbox
}}


<console>
In a Desktop Environment, VirtualBox may also be run from a menu entry. Look for the names "VirtualBox" or "Oracle xVM VirtualBox" under menu categories "System" and/or "Emulator".
###i## groupadd vboxguest
###i## gpasswd -a ''user'' vboxguest
</console>


=== Windows Guests ===
=== Funtoo Linux (Host OS) kernel updates ===
The VirtualBox kernel modules are compiled for the kernel present on the Host, Funtoo Linux. Each time that the Host kernel is updated or changed, the VirtualBox kernel modules must also be rebuilt.


You must enable <code>additions</code> USE flag when you intend to install Windows as a guest O/S. That will also install the ISO image containing all necessary Windows guest drivers.
As is typical for most kernel changes or updates, please run
{{console|body=
###i## emerge --ask @module-rebuild
}}
''before'' running VirtualBox under the new kernel.


=== Linux Guests ===
If you wish to check that the VirtualBox kernel drivers will be rebuilt in this way, please examine the file {{f|/var/lib/module-rebuild/moduledb}}. For example, using the command {{c|grep}}


If you want to run Funtoo GNU/Linux as a guest O/S, emerge <code>app-emulation/virtualbox-guest-additions</code> in the Funtoo GNU/Linux guest O/S. For other GNU/Linux, please refer to [https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch04.html#idp11274368 VirtualBox documentation].
{{console|body=
$##i## grep virtualbox /var/lib/module-rebuild/moduledb
a:1:app-emulation/##r##virtualbox##!r##-modules-5.0.20
}}


== Post Installation ==
== Guest OS Installation ==
=== Install Guest Additions ===
VirtualBox '''Guest Additions''' is a collection of applications, libraries and kernel modules/drivers that are installed in your Guest OS. These provide support for graphics, networking, and other features such as file transfer and Guest access to real physical devices such as a USB flash drive.


You will not be able to run and use VirtualBox as a regular user if you are not a member of the <code>vboxusers</code> group.
==== Funtoo or Gentoo Linux Guests ====
Following the successful installation of you Funtoo Linux ''Guest OS'' (that is within a Virtual Machine), install the package {{c|app-emulation/virtualbox-guest-additions}}.
{{console|body=
###i## emerge --ask app-emulation/virtualbox-guest-additions
}}


<console>
Next, add your Guest OS Users to the group {{c|vboxguest}}. For example, a user ''bob'' is added to {{c|vboxguests}}
###i## gpasswd -a ''user'' vboxusers
</console>


You must re-log so changes take effect.
{{console|body=
###i## gpasswd -a bob vboxguests
}}


=== Loading Modules ===
Now add virtual-box-guest additions to the default runlevel of OpenRC.


Required and optional modules must be loaded before launching VirtualBox. You can do that as root or upon boot.
{{console|body=
###i## rc-update add virtualbox-guest-additions default
}}


{{fancynote|<code>vboxnetadp</code> and <code>vboxnetflt</code> are optional.}}
Without having to reboot you can now start virtualbox-guest-additions within the Funtoo Guest OS with the command
{{console|body=
###i## rc
}}


==== As root ====
==== Other GNU/Linux Guests ====
For other GNU/Linux, please refer to [https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch04.html#idp11274368 VirtualBox documentation].


<console>
==== Microsoft Windows Guests ====
###i## modprobe vboxdrv
VirtualBox Guest Additions are installed in a Windows Guest by mounting a virtual CD-ROM image (.iso) within the guest virtual machine.
###i## modprobe vboxnetadp
 
###i## modprobe vboxnetflt
In your Host OS Funtoo Linux, confirm the version of VirtualBox installed:
</console>
For {{c|app-emulation/virtualbox}}
{{console|body=
$##i## emerge --pretend --quiet app-emulation/virtualbox
[##g##ebuild##!g##  ##y##R##!y##  ] ##g##app-emulation/virtualbox-5.0.20##!g##
}}
 
'''For VirtualBox versions 4.x (less than 5.0)'''
 
Under the earlier chapter [[ Package:VirtualBox#Host_OS_Installation|Host OS Installation ]], install {{c|app-emulation/virtualbox}} (or {{c|app-emulation/virtualbox-bin}}) with the USE flag {{c|additions}} enabled. This will provide the ISO necessary for installing Guest Additions within a Microsoft Windows guest.
 
'''For VirtualBox versions 5.0 and above'''
 
From version 5.0 the USE flag {{c|additions}} has been removed from the package app-emulation/virtualbox. The Guest Additions ISO required for a Windows-based Guest OS is now provided in a separate package, {{c|app-emulation/virtualbox-additions}}. Install this manually
{{console|body=
###i## emerge --ask app-emulation/virtualbox-additions
}}


==== Upon boot OpenRC ====
{{warning|The package app-emulation/'''virtualbox-additions''' installs the Guest Additions ISO on your Host OS (Funtoo Linux). This is what you mount in a VM with Windows as a Guest OS. The package app-emulation/'''virtualbox-guest-additions''' is different. This is the Guest Additions that you install ''inside of a VM'' that happens to be a Guest OS of Funtoo Linux or Gentoo Linux.


Edit <code>/etc/conf.d/modules</code> :
The two packages perform different tasks so be sure to install the correct package!}}


<pre>modules="vboxdrv vboxnetadp vboxnetflt"</pre>
Mount the Guest Additions ISO {{f|/usr/share/virtualbox/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso}} inside of your Microsoft Windows guest. Within Windows, browse to and install VirtualBox Guest Additions.


=== Kernel Driver ===
== Tips and Tricks ==
=== Configure Video within Funtoo Linux Guests ===
{{note|This section is being developed.}}
For Funtoo, Gentoo and other GNU/Linux ''Guest OS'' the [https://ww.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_Window_System X Window System] can be optimized for running within a VirtualBox virtual machine.


Each time a new kernel is installed, <code>vboxdrv</code> kernel module must be recompiled. To ensure Portage knows about that, look at <code>/var/lib/module-rebuild/moduledb</code>. The following record must be present.
In a Funtoo Linux ''Guest OS'', modify the file {{f|/etc/portage/[[make.conf]]}} to include the following line
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|body=
VIDEO_CARDS="virtualbox"
}}


<pre>a:1:app-emulation/virtualbox-modules-''version''</pre>
=== Providing USB2, USB3, VRDP and/or PXE Boot ROM to Guest OS ===
{{note|This section is being developed.}}
Accept PUEL licence


Running <code>emerge @module-rebuild</code> will recompile VirtualBox driver after installation of new kernel.
emerge app-emulation/virtualbox-extpack-oracle


== Troubleshooting ==
=== EFI case ===
=== EFI case ===
latest releases of virtualbox have a volatile NVRAM and this makes an EFI guest boot troublesome. To workaround this following steps required:
latest releases of virtualbox have a volatile NVRAM and this makes an EFI guest boot troublesome. To workaround this following steps required:
Line 99: Line 165:
EFI  guests now should properly boot.
EFI  guests now should properly boot.
reference reports: https://www.virtualbox.org/ticket/14279 and https://bugs.funtoo.org/browse/FL-2640
reference reports: https://www.virtualbox.org/ticket/14279 and https://bugs.funtoo.org/browse/FL-2640
[[Category:Ebuilds]]
[[Category:Ebuilds]]
[[Category:Virtualization]]
[[Category:Virtualization]]
{{EbuildFooter}}
{{EbuildFooter}}

Revision as of 14:31, May 25, 2016

VirtualBox

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VirtualBox is a free and open source virtualization 'hypervisor' for x86-based machines. VirtualBox can be installed and run on GNU/Linux and other Operating Systems.

The virtual machines provided by VirtualBox can be used to run a number of guest Operating Systems such as GNU/Linux, Windows, and others.

VirtualBox is available for Funtoo Linux on the arch profiles x86-32bit, x86-64bit and pure-64.

VirtualBox Homepage: https://www.virtualbox.org

Glossary of Terms

TermExplanation
Host OS An install of Funtoo Linux on physical hardware. VirtualBox will be installed to and run from here.
Guest OSThe Operating System that is run within a Virtual Machine provided by VirtualBox. The Guest OS could be Funtoo Linux, another GNU/Linux distribution, Windows, etc.
Guest AdditionsGuest Additions is a collection of applications, libraries and kernel modules/drivers that are installed in your Guest OS. These provide support for graphics, networking, and other features such as file transfer and Guest access to real physical devices such as a USB flash drive.

Host OS Installation

VirtualBox can be installed onto your Host OS - Funtoo Linux - using one of two packages: app-emulation/virtualbox or app-emulation/virtualbox-bin. The latter "-bin" package is a binary (precompiled) copy of VirtualBox. Installing this may be preferable on machines with low computing power.

For a typical install, run 

root # emerge --ask app-emulation/virtualbox

Assign VirtualBox Users

Normal non-root users will not be able to use VirtualBox immediately after it has been installed. The Users that are to use VirtualBox must first become a member of the group vboxusers. For example, a user alice is added to vboxusers 

root # gpasswd -a alice vboxusers

If currently logged in the User added to vboxusers must first log out before the changes will have an effect.

Load VirtualBox Kernel Modules

VirtualBox requires one or more Linux kernel modules to be loaded on the Host OS (Funtoo Linux) in order to function. As of VirtualBox version 5 these are provided by the package app-emulation/virtualbox-drivers which is installed automatically (as a dependency) when you install app-emulation/virtualbox.

As root load these modules in a terminal 

root # modprobe vboxdrv
root # modprobe vboxnetadp
root # modprobe vboxnetflt

Each time the Host machine (Funtoo Linux) is rebooted the modules will be unloaded. The modules can be loaded automatically during system startup via OpenRC (sys-app/openrc). To achieve this, edit the file /etc/conf.d/modules to contain the following line

   /etc/conf.d/modules 
modules="vboxdrv vboxnetadp vboxnetflt"

Starting VirtualBox

VirtualBox can be started from a terminal. 

user $ virtualbox

In a Desktop Environment, VirtualBox may also be run from a menu entry. Look for the names "VirtualBox" or "Oracle xVM VirtualBox" under menu categories "System" and/or "Emulator".

Funtoo Linux (Host OS) kernel updates

The VirtualBox kernel modules are compiled for the kernel present on the Host, Funtoo Linux. Each time that the Host kernel is updated or changed, the VirtualBox kernel modules must also be rebuilt.

As is typical for most kernel changes or updates, please run 

root # emerge --ask @module-rebuild

before running VirtualBox under the new kernel.

If you wish to check that the VirtualBox kernel drivers will be rebuilt in this way, please examine the file /var/lib/module-rebuild/moduledb. For example, using the command grep 

user $ grep virtualbox /var/lib/module-rebuild/moduledb
a:1:app-emulation/virtualbox-modules-5.0.20

Guest OS Installation

Install Guest Additions

VirtualBox Guest Additions is a collection of applications, libraries and kernel modules/drivers that are installed in your Guest OS. These provide support for graphics, networking, and other features such as file transfer and Guest access to real physical devices such as a USB flash drive.

Funtoo or Gentoo Linux Guests

Following the successful installation of you Funtoo Linux Guest OS (that is within a Virtual Machine), install the package app-emulation/virtualbox-guest-additions. 

root # emerge --ask app-emulation/virtualbox-guest-additions

Next, add your Guest OS Users to the group vboxguest. For example, a user bob is added to vboxguests 

root # gpasswd -a bob vboxguests

Now add virtual-box-guest additions to the default runlevel of OpenRC. 

root # rc-update add virtualbox-guest-additions default

Without having to reboot you can now start virtualbox-guest-additions within the Funtoo Guest OS with the command 

root # rc

Other GNU/Linux Guests

For other GNU/Linux, please refer to VirtualBox documentation.

Microsoft Windows Guests

VirtualBox Guest Additions are installed in a Windows Guest by mounting a virtual CD-ROM image (.iso) within the guest virtual machine.

In your Host OS Funtoo Linux, confirm the version of VirtualBox installed: For app-emulation/virtualbox 

user $ emerge --pretend --quiet app-emulation/virtualbox
[ebuild   R   ] app-emulation/virtualbox-5.0.20

For VirtualBox versions 4.x (less than 5.0)

Under the earlier chapter Host OS Installation , install app-emulation/virtualbox (or app-emulation/virtualbox-bin) with the USE flag additions enabled. This will provide the ISO necessary for installing Guest Additions within a Microsoft Windows guest.

For VirtualBox versions 5.0 and above

From version 5.0 the USE flag additions has been removed from the package app-emulation/virtualbox. The Guest Additions ISO required for a Windows-based Guest OS is now provided in a separate package, app-emulation/virtualbox-additions. Install this manually 

root # emerge --ask app-emulation/virtualbox-additions
   Warning

The package app-emulation/virtualbox-additions installs the Guest Additions ISO on your Host OS (Funtoo Linux). This is what you mount in a VM with Windows as a Guest OS. The package app-emulation/virtualbox-guest-additions is different. This is the Guest Additions that you install inside of a VM that happens to be a Guest OS of Funtoo Linux or Gentoo Linux.

The two packages perform different tasks so be sure to install the correct package!

Mount the Guest Additions ISO /usr/share/virtualbox/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso inside of your Microsoft Windows guest. Within Windows, browse to and install VirtualBox Guest Additions.

Tips and Tricks

Configure Video within Funtoo Linux Guests

   Note

This section is being developed.

For Funtoo, Gentoo and other GNU/Linux Guest OS the X Window System can be optimized for running within a VirtualBox virtual machine.

In a Funtoo Linux Guest OS, modify the file /etc/portage/make.conf to include the following line

   /etc/portage/make.conf 
VIDEO_CARDS="virtualbox"

Providing USB2, USB3, VRDP and/or PXE Boot ROM to Guest OS

   Note

This section is being developed.

Accept PUEL licence

emerge app-emulation/virtualbox-extpack-oracle

Troubleshooting

EFI case

latest releases of virtualbox have a volatile NVRAM and this makes an EFI guest boot troublesome. To workaround this following steps required:

  • remove any CD images (like systemrescuecd) from the VM settings
  • start the VM
  • wait for the countdown or press Esc immediately to reach the EFI shell
  • type edit startup.nsh to open the full-screen editor
  • enter "fs0:\EFI\Funtoo Linux [GRUB]\grubx64.efi" (including the double quotes, since the path contains spaces)
  • press CTRL-s (maybe twice) to save and confirm saving by pressing Enter
  • quit editor by pressing CTRL-q
  • type reset to reboot the machine (or kill the VM and boot it using the GUI)
  • wait for the countdown or press Enter to immediately run the startup.nsh script

EFI guests now should properly boot. reference reports: https://www.virtualbox.org/ticket/14279 and https://bugs.funtoo.org/browse/FL-2640


Retrieved from "https://www.funtoo.org/index.php?title=Package:VirtualBox&oldid=16700"