Difference between pages "Welcome" and "GNOME First Steps"

From Funtoo
(Difference between pages)
Jump to navigation Jump to search
 
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{MainPageSidebar|1=
== What is GNOME? ==
{{fancyimportant|1=
"GNOME 3 is an easy and elegant way to use your computer. It is designed to put you in control and bring freedom to everybody. GNOME 3 is developed by the GNOME community, a diverse, international group of contributors that is supported by an independent, non-profit foundation." [http://gnome.org GNOME]
[[Support Funtoo]] to help our project grow! '''Donate $15 per month and get a free [[Funtoo Hosting|Funtoo Virtual Container]].'''}}


== Resources ==
== Prerequisites ==


Our community has a number of excellent resources for communication and collaboration:
Before installing GNOME, ensure that the [[X Window System]] has been installed.


* '''{{CreateAccount}}''' to log in to the wiki, forums and bug tracker. See [[Funtoo Authentication FAQ]].
{{fancywarning|1=
* '''[http://forums.funtoo.org forums.funtoo.org]''' - our new forums!
Please note that Linux kernel 3.15.* may still have serious incompatibility with various graphics drivers. If you like to use <tt>gentoo-sources</tt> or <tt>vanilla-sources</tt>, please use a 3.14.* kernel. This is of particular importance if you plan to run GNOME, and want to use NVIDIA (commercial or nouveau) or ATI (ati-drivers) graphics drivers.}}
* [https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/funtoo-dev funtoo-dev] mailing list
* '''[http://bugs.funtoo.org bugs.funtoo.org]''', our bug tracker ([[Reporting Bugs|Instructions]]).
* [http://larrythecow.org larrythecow.org], our Gentoo blog aggregation service.
* [http://kernel-seeds.org kernel-seeds.org], resources for building your kernel from scratch.
* [http://git.funtoo.org git.funtoo.org], our cgit repository browser.
* '''[[Support Funtoo]]''' to help our project grow.
* '''[[Funtoo Hosting|Get a Funtoo Virtual Container]]'''.
}}
{{MainPageSidebar|1=
== UserMap ==
{{#ask:[[Category:People]]
|?Geoloc
|format=googlemaps3|height=300|limit=999|zoom=1|minzoom=1|markercluster=on}}
[[Usermap|View Larger version]]
}}
== Welcome to Funtoo Linux ==
Funtoo Linux is a Linux-based operating system that is a variant of [http://www.gentoo.org Gentoo Linux]. Funtoo Linux is:
* ...'''fun!''' Our priority is to create a ''great, supportive and responsive'' user community.
* ...'''user-centric and collaborative'''. Everyone is considered a '''user''' of Funtoo, first and foremost. You don't need any special privileges to collaborate with us.
* ...'''production-oriented''': Our goal is to have Funtoo be useful for ''real-world tasks''. We use Funtoo to do stuff, like host our infrastructure. It needs to work.__NOTOC__
* ...'''creative''': We seek creative, elegant and maintainable solutions to problems of all kinds.


'''View the [[Funtoo Linux FAQ]] for answers to common questions.'''
== Preparing to emerge ==


== Getting Started ==
To get your system ready to emerge gnome, it is recommended that you first set the gnome profile mix-in. To accomplish this, do the following:
<console>
##r### ##b## eselect profile list
##g##Currently available mix-ins profiles: 
  [11]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/audio 
  [12]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/console-extras 
  [13]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/dvd 
  [14]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/gnome 
  [15]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/kde 
  [16]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/mate 
  [17]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/media 
  [18]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/print 
  [19]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/python3-only
  [20]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/rhel5-compat
  [21]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/server-db 
  [22]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/server-mail
  [23]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/server-web
  [24]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/X
  [25]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/xfce
  [26]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/vmware-guest
  [27]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/hardened
</console>
After seeing a list of available profiles, we want to add in the appropriate number for the gnome mix-in. To do this, run the following:
<console>
##r### ##b##eselect profile add 14
</console>


We encourage you to [[Funtoo Linux Installation|install Funtoo Linux]], and get involved in our user community. Get to know fellow Funtoo Linux users on our [http://forums.funtoo.org forums]. If you have any improvements or find any bugs in Funtoo Linux, you are strongly encouraged to report them on our [http://bugs.funtoo.org bug tracker]. We take all bugs seriously, and all work performed on Funtoo Linux is tracked on our bug tracker, for purposes of transparency.
By enabling the gnome mix-in, various USE and other settings will be optimized to provide you with a pain-free GNOME installation experience.


Funtoo Linux has a very active [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IRC IRC] community on Freenode, in the <code>#funtoo</code> channel, and you are encouraged to hang out online with us.
== Emerging ==


== Project Structure ==
You are provided with two packages that will pull in this desktop environment:


Funtoo Linux is led by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Robbins_(computer_programmer) Daniel Robbins], the creator and former Chief Architect of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentoo_Linux Gentoo Linux], who serves as benevolent dictator for life (BDFL) of the project. Our organizational structure consists of BDFL and a small number of support staff, as well as members of our user community who are involved in improving Funtoo Linux. Development efforts are driven by the BDFL as well as our users, and efforts are under way to implement various mechanisms to allow supporters of Funtoo Linux to chart the future direction of the project.
* ''gnome''


'''Learn more about Funtoo Linux's [[staff]] and [[Funtoo Linux Vision|development vision]].'''
{{fancynote|This is the "whole shabang" - pulls in a range of applications made for the gnome desktop environment including a few games, an archive manager, a system monitor, a web browser, a terminal, etc.}}


== Distinctives ==
* ''gnome-light''


Funtoo Linux packages are installed from source code, automatically, thanks to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portage_(software) Portage ports system.], inspired by the FreeBSD ports system, but written in Python and with full advanced package management functionality. Funtoo Linux is a meta-distribution, which means it is built (fully automatically) with the functionality and optimizations that ''you'' want, not what some distro maintainer thought was best for you.
{{fancynote|As the name implies, this pulls in the base minimal you need to get a functioning GNOME Desktop Environment.}}


We use [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git_(software) Git] for all our development, and we also use Git to deliver our ports tree to you.
=== GNOME 3.12 from a clean install ===


In contrast to Gentoo Linux, we offer a number of innovations, including our extensive use of git, [[Funtoo 1.0 Profile|our profile system]], [[Package:Boot-Update|boot-update]] boot management tool, our incredibly flexible [[Funtoo Linux Networking|template-based networking scripts]], [[Metro Quick Start Tutorial|Metro]] distribution build system, support of Debian, RHEL and other kernels, [[Creating_Python-related_Ebuilds|enhanced Python support]], Portage mini-manifests, user-centric distribution model, and a large number of community infrastructure improvements.
==== gnome ====


== Help Document Ebuilds! ==
To emerge ''gnome'' run the following command


We need help adding documentation for ebuilds to our wiki. See below for a list of pages:
<console>
# ##i## emerge -va gnome
</console>


This page lists all ebuilds with pages on the Funtoo Linux wiki.
==== gnome-light ====


{{#ask:[[Category:Ebuilds]] [[CatPkg::+]]
To emerge ''gnome-light'' run the following command
|?CatPkg=
|?Repository=
|?Summary=
|format=listwidget
|link=all
|headers=show
|searchlabel=… further results
|class=sortable wikitable smwtable
|limit=9999
}}


'''Add an Ebuild page:''' (see [[Adding an Ebuild to the Wiki]] for instructions)
<console>
# ##i## emerge -va gnome-light
</console>


{{#forminput:form=Ebuild|size=|default value=|button text=Add Package|autocomplete on namespace=Package|remote autocompletion|placeholder=Descriptive name|query string=namespace=Package}}
=== Upgrading from GNOME 3.6 ===


__NOTITLE__
==== gnome ====
__NOEDITSECTION__
 
To emerge ''gnome'', remove nautilus-open-terminal if it is installed as it now bundled into gnome-terminal
 
<console>
# ##i## emerge -vaC nautilus-open-terminal
</console>
 
Then, run the following command
 
<console>
# ##i## emerge -vauDN world
</console>
 
==== gnome-light ====
 
To emerge ''gnome-light'' remove the following packages as there have been changes since 3.6 (you will have up reinstall any packages that have been renamed after gnome-light completes).
 
<console>
# ##i## emerge -vaC gnome-fallback gnome-panel gnome-screensaver metacity gnome-games gcalctool nautilus-open-terminal
</console>
 
Then, run the following command
 
<console>
# ##i## emerge -vauDN world
</console>
 
Finally, restore any applications that have been renamed (such as gcalctool => gnome-calculator)
 
<console>
# ##i## emerge -va gnome-calculator
</console>
 
== Subsystems ==
 
=== Bluetooth ===
 
For bluetooth support, ensure that:
 
# Bluetooth support is enabled in your kernel (using modules is fine).
# Your bluetooth hardware is turned on.
# Add the <code>bluetooth</code> startup script to the default runlevel, and start it.
 
This can be done as follows:
 
<console>
# ##i##rc-update add bluetooth default
# ##i##rc
</console>
 
Once this is done, you should now be able to navigate to ''Settings'' -> ''Bluetooth'' and turn bluetooth on. The icon next to devices should now animate and you should be able to discover and add devices such as keyboards.
 
=== Printing ===
 
To enable printing support, add <code>cupsd</code> to the default runlevel:
 
<console>
# ##i##rc-update add cupsd default
# ##i##rc
</console>
 
You should now be able to navigate to ''Settings'' -> ''Printers'' and add printers to your system, and print.
 
=== Scanning ===
 
To enable scanning support, add your user account to the <code>lp</code> group. This will allow your user to access the USB scanner.
 
Then, <code>emerge xsane</code>, and run it. It should be able to access your scanner.
 
== Finishing Touches ==
 
=== X ===
 
==== Setting up xdm (GUI log-in) ====
 
Typically, you will want to use <tt>gdm</tt>, the GNOME display manager, to log in to GNOME. This will allow you to log in graphically, rather than using the text console.
 
To enable gdm, edit <tt>/etc/conf.d/xdm</tt> and set <tt>DISPLAYMANAGER</tt> to <tt>gdm</tt> instead of <tt>xdm</tt>. Then, perform the following steps to add <tt>xdm</tt> to the default runlevel, and have it start automatically from now on when your system starts:
 
<console>
# ##i##rc-update add xdm default
</console>
 
Then, if you want to start it now do
 
<console>
# ##i##rc
</console>
 
But you should reboot to avoid having an open login terminal
 
==== Setting up xinitrc (text log-in) ====
 
Adding the following to your <tt>~/.xinitrc</tt> file is sufficient:
 
<pre>
# Fix Missing Applications in Gnome
export XDG_MENU_PREFIX=gnome-
 
# Properly Launch the Desired X Session
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session
</pre>
 
Additionaly, if you need support for different input sources, there is no longer a need to configure ibus or scrim in your <tt>.xinitrc</tt> file as GNOME uses ibus natively. Simply configure it in the Control Center under Region & Langauge.
 
=== Verify the inode/directory MimeType Handler ===
 
In some odd instances, baobab might take priority over nautilus when handling the inode/directory MimeType. If this behavior is not desired, add the following to /home/~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list:
 
<pre>
[Added Associations]
inode/directory=nautilus.desktop;baobab.desktop;
</pre>
 
=== Automatically Starting Applications at Login ===
 
When using an old-fashioned <tt>.xinitrc</tt>, starting up applications when X starts is relatively easy. When using GDM, this can still be accomplished, by using the <tt>~/.xprofile</tt> file. Here's my sample <tt>.xprofile</tt> to start <tt>xflux</tt> to dim the screen at night:
 
<pre>
xflux -z 87107
</pre>
 
Remember to add a <tt>&</tt> at the end of any command that doesn't return to the shell prompt after running.
 
[[Category:Desktop Environments]]
[[Category:First Steps]]
[[Category:Official Documentation]]

Revision as of 22:27, August 5, 2014

What is GNOME?

"GNOME 3 is an easy and elegant way to use your computer. It is designed to put you in control and bring freedom to everybody. GNOME 3 is developed by the GNOME community, a diverse, international group of contributors that is supported by an independent, non-profit foundation." GNOME

Prerequisites

Before installing GNOME, ensure that the X Window System has been installed.

   Warning

Please note that Linux kernel 3.15.* may still have serious incompatibility with various graphics drivers. If you like to use gentoo-sources or vanilla-sources, please use a 3.14.* kernel. This is of particular importance if you plan to run GNOME, and want to use NVIDIA (commercial or nouveau) or ATI (ati-drivers) graphics drivers.

Preparing to emerge

To get your system ready to emerge gnome, it is recommended that you first set the gnome profile mix-in. To accomplish this, do the following: 

root ##r###  eselect profile list
root ##g##Currently available mix-ins profiles:  
  [11]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/audio  
  [12]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/console-extras  
  [13]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/dvd  
  [14]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/gnome  
  [15]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/kde  
  [16]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/mate  
  [17]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/media  
  [18]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/print  
  [19]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/python3-only 
  [20]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/rhel5-compat 
  [21]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/server-db  
  [22]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/server-mail 
  [23]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/server-web
  [24]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/X 
  [25]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/xfce 
  [26]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/vmware-guest 
  [27]  funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/hardened

After seeing a list of available profiles, we want to add in the appropriate number for the gnome mix-in. To do this, run the following: 

root ##r### eselect profile add 14

By enabling the gnome mix-in, various USE and other settings will be optimized to provide you with a pain-free GNOME installation experience.

Emerging

You are provided with two packages that will pull in this desktop environment:

  • gnome
   Note

This is the "whole shabang" - pulls in a range of applications made for the gnome desktop environment including a few games, an archive manager, a system monitor, a web browser, a terminal, etc.

  • gnome-light
   Note

As the name implies, this pulls in the base minimal you need to get a functioning GNOME Desktop Environment.

GNOME 3.12 from a clean install

gnome

To emerge gnome run the following command 

root #  emerge -va gnome

gnome-light

To emerge gnome-light run the following command 

root #  emerge -va gnome-light

Upgrading from GNOME 3.6

gnome

To emerge gnome, remove nautilus-open-terminal if it is installed as it now bundled into gnome-terminal 

root #  emerge -vaC nautilus-open-terminal

Then, run the following command 

root #  emerge -vauDN world

gnome-light

To emerge gnome-light remove the following packages as there have been changes since 3.6 (you will have up reinstall any packages that have been renamed after gnome-light completes). 

root #  emerge -vaC gnome-fallback gnome-panel gnome-screensaver metacity gnome-games gcalctool nautilus-open-terminal

Then, run the following command 

root #  emerge -vauDN world

Finally, restore any applications that have been renamed (such as gcalctool => gnome-calculator) 

root #  emerge -va gnome-calculator

Subsystems

Bluetooth

For bluetooth support, ensure that:

  1. Bluetooth support is enabled in your kernel (using modules is fine).
  2. Your bluetooth hardware is turned on.
  3. Add the bluetooth startup script to the default runlevel, and start it.

This can be done as follows: 

root # rc-update add bluetooth default
root # rc

Once this is done, you should now be able to navigate to Settings -> Bluetooth and turn bluetooth on. The icon next to devices should now animate and you should be able to discover and add devices such as keyboards.

Printing

To enable printing support, add cupsd to the default runlevel: 

root # rc-update add cupsd default
root # rc

You should now be able to navigate to Settings -> Printers and add printers to your system, and print.

Scanning

To enable scanning support, add your user account to the lp group. This will allow your user to access the USB scanner.

Then, emerge xsane, and run it. It should be able to access your scanner.

Finishing Touches

X

Setting up xdm (GUI log-in)

Typically, you will want to use gdm, the GNOME display manager, to log in to GNOME. This will allow you to log in graphically, rather than using the text console.

To enable gdm, edit /etc/conf.d/xdm and set DISPLAYMANAGER to gdm instead of xdm. Then, perform the following steps to add xdm to the default runlevel, and have it start automatically from now on when your system starts: 

root # rc-update add xdm default

Then, if you want to start it now do 

root # rc

But you should reboot to avoid having an open login terminal

Setting up xinitrc (text log-in)

Adding the following to your ~/.xinitrc file is sufficient: 

# Fix Missing Applications in Gnome
export XDG_MENU_PREFIX=gnome-

# Properly Launch the Desired X Session
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session

Additionaly, if you need support for different input sources, there is no longer a need to configure ibus or scrim in your .xinitrc file as GNOME uses ibus natively. Simply configure it in the Control Center under Region & Langauge.

Verify the inode/directory MimeType Handler

In some odd instances, baobab might take priority over nautilus when handling the inode/directory MimeType. If this behavior is not desired, add the following to /home/~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list: 

[Added Associations]
inode/directory=nautilus.desktop;baobab.desktop;

Automatically Starting Applications at Login

When using an old-fashioned .xinitrc, starting up applications when X starts is relatively easy. When using GDM, this can still be accomplished, by using the ~/.xprofile file. Here's my sample .xprofile to start xflux to dim the screen at night: 

xflux -z 87107

Remember to add a & at the end of any command that doesn't return to the shell prompt after running.

Retrieved from "https://www.funtoo.org/index.php?title=Welcome&oldid=5051"