Difference between pages "Funtoo Linux Localization" and "Repository Configuration"

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== Set Default Language ==
{{Warning|This article is a work-in-progress referring to a future Portage version. It does not apply to the current Funtoo Portage version. Please do not update your configuration yet.}}


On Funtoo, there are two configuration files responsible for your language settings: <code>/etc/locale.gen</code> and <code>/etc/env.d/00basic</code>. First file has only en_US.UTF-8 locale enabled. Last one is a default shipped file comes from stage3 and responsible for en_US.UTF-8 locale system-wide. Not recommended to edit.
Starting with Portage-2.3.8, a switch to a new repository configuration framework is complete and users may want to update their configuration files. This document aims to describe the goals for the new framework and how to use it.
The following steps will guide you through the process of setting up the default system language, using French Canadian as an example.
First you will need to edit <code>/etc/locale.gen</code>:
<console>
# ##i##nano -w /etc/locale.gen
</console>
Specify your preferred locale with the accompanying character format (you will mostly want UTF-8):
{{fancynote|It is recommended to keep the preconfigured en_US.UTF-8 locale as a fallback.}}
{{file|name=/etc/locale.gen|body=
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
fr_CA.UTF-8 UTF-8
}}
To determine an appropriate locale for your system, you should take a look into <code>/usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED</code> for the default list of supported combinations or check the <code>/usr/share/i18n/locales/</code> directory for a list of valid values.
{{fancywarning|You are strongly advised to use ''at least one'' UTF-8 locale since some applications may require it.}}


Now, those locales need to be generated:
== Multiple repository layout ==
<console>
One of the most important changes is the switch from the old ''overlay'' layout to a new cleaner ''repository'' system. The new layout is more flexible and more predictable. For example, repositories can now use resources (eclasses, for example) provided by other repositories.
# ##i##locale-gen
##g##*##!g## Generating 2 locales (this might take a while) with 1 jobs
*  (1/2) Generating en_US.UTF-8 ... [ ok ]
*  (2/2) Generating fr_CA.UTF-8 ... [ ok ]
##g##*##!g## Generation complete
</console>


Once done, you can apply your locale settings system-wide. First display all available options:
The old layout was based on the concept of one ''main tree'' and optionally a number of overlays. The main tree provided base system ebuilds, eclasses, profiles, while overlays mostly were able to provide their own ebuilds. The ebuild provided by overlays overrode the ebuilds in main tree to the extend of making it impossible to install the main tree version. Overlays could also provide eclasses for their own ebuilds and package.* entries that applied to all overlays and to the main tree. The Package Manager is responsible for updating the main tree, while overlays are managed externally.
<console>
$ ##i##eselect locale list
##b####g##Available targets for the LANG variable:
  ##b##[1]##!b##  C
  ##b##[2]##!b##  POSIX
  ##b##[3]##!b##  fr_CA.utf8
  ##b##[4]##!b##  en_US.utf8 ##bl##*
  ##b##[ ]##!b##  (free form)
</console>
The blue star indicates the current default system locale. You can now change it according your wishes:
<console>
# ##i##eselect locale set 3
Setting LANG to fr_CA.utf8 ...
Run ". /etc/profile" to update the variable in your shell.
</console>
Alternatively, you can set the default locale manually. This file should be created first with your prefered editor:
{{file|name=/etc/env.d/02locale|body=LANG="fr_CA.utf8"}}
You can verify your actions using:
<console>
$ ##i##eselect locale show
##b####g##LANG variable in profile:
  ##b##fr_CA.utf8
</console>


For an immediate effect it is required to reload the environment:
The new layout is based on the concept of one or more configurable repositories. Each repository can either be stand-alone or depend upon other repositories. The distribution provides a repository called ''funtoo'' (a drop-in replacement for Gentoo's ''gentoo'' repository). Users can install more repositories at they will, the repositories providing their own ebuilds, eclasses and profiles as necessary and/or using them from other repositories. Users can explicitly choose the repository they want to install packages from. The Package Manager can update all repositories.
<console>
# ##i##env-update && source /etc/profile
>>> Regenerating /etc/ld.so.cache...
</console>
Congratulations! You have successfully set up your default language on Funtoo.


== Portage Settings ==
== Portage configuration ==
=== New repository layout ===
The repository configuration should be stored in <code>/etc/portage/repos.conf</code>. It can be either a single file or a directory containing one or more ''.conf'' files.


Portage uses a special variable <code>LINGUAS</code> that defines what localizations/translations get installed by default. By default, <code>LINGUAS</code> in unset, which will result in ''all'' available localizations being installed by Portage.
The default configuration is installed as <code>/usr/share/portage/config/repos.conf</code>. This file is internal configuration file installed with portage ebuild and should '''not''' be modified. Instead, the configuration in <code>/etc/portage/repos.conf</code> can override the defaults specified there.


It is possible to customize the setting of <code>LINGUAS</code> by setting it in <code>/etc/make.conf</code>:
The configuration uses format similar to Windows .ini files. Each section heading (repository name in square brackets) signifies a single repository, followed by one or more key-value option pairs. For example, the following file copies default configuration for Funtoo repository:


<console>
{{file|name=/etc/portage/repos.conf/funtoo.conf|desc=Example configuration override for Funtoo repository to move it to non-standard location|body=
# ##i##LINGUAS="en_US zh_CN"
[funtoo]
</console>
# moved to non-standard location!
location = /var/db/repos/funtoo
sync-type = git
sync-uri = git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2015.git
auto-sync = yes
}}


The <code>LINGUAS</code> variable should use spaces between each localization name.
The most useful repository configuration options are listed below:
;location: ''Obligatory.'' Specifies the directory where repository is/will be stored. If Portage knows how to sync the repository and the location does not exist, it will be created on next ''emerge --sync''. Otherwise, the directory must exist.
;priority: Specifies the priority used for ordering ebuilds from different repositories. If two repositories provide an ebuild with matching versions, the repository with higher priority will be used.
;auto-sync: Specifies whether ''emerge --sync'' should update the repository. Defaults to ''yes'' if ''sync-type'' is specified, ''no'' otherwise.
;sync-depth: Specifies ''--depth'' for git clone. Used only on initial sync. Defaults to 1. Can be set to 0 to force full clone (not pass ''--depth'' at all).
;sync-type: Specifies syncing/update method. Can be one of: ''cvs'', ''git'', ''rsync'', ''svn''.
;sync-umask: Specifies the umask used when updating/syncing the repository.
;sync-uri: Specifies remote URI from which the repository will be cloned/synced. Can use any syntax valid for a particular syncing method.
;sync-user: Specifies the user[:group] used to update/sync the repository. If ''FEATURES=usersync'' is used, defaults to the credentials of directory owner.


After setting the LINGUAS USE flag you may need to re-emerge some packages:
Additionally a <code>[DEFAULT]</code> section may be specified. Options in this section are used as defaults for all repositories.


<console>
=== Migrating existing configurations ===
# emerge --ask --newuse --deep --with-bdeps=y @world
The new configuration format provides replacement for existing configuration done through <code>/etc/portage/make.conf</code> and environment variables. While the variables are still supported for backwards compatibility, users are recommended to move to the new configuration scheme. Funtoo portage ebuild is planned to  make the migration unattended (repos.conf installed automatically to ease the config steps) with the following file:
</console>
{{file|name=/etc/portage/repos.conf/funtoo.conf|body=
[funtoo]
location = /usr/portage
sync-type = git
sync-uri = git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2015.git
auto-sync = yes
}}
The following replacements are provided for existing variables:
;PORTDIR: Used to specify main tree location. Replaced by ''location'' key in the section corresponding to the default repository (<code>[funtoo]</code> by default).
;PORTDIR_OVERLAY: Used to specify locations of overlays. Each of the paths needs to be replaced with a separate repository section, with the path placed in ''location'' key. Additionally, ''priority'' may be used to force specific ordering of ebuild overrides.
;SYNC: Used to specify URI for syncing the main repository, also implied a protocol for doing that. Replaced by the ''sync-uri'' and ''sync-type'' keys in the default repository section.
;SYNC_UMASK: Used to specify umask for syncing repositories. Replaced by ''sync-umask'' key in repository configuration. Can be specified in <code>[DEFAULT]</code> section to apply to all repositories.
;SYNC_USER: Used to specify user credentials for syncing repositories. Replaced by ''sync-user'' key in repository configuration. Can be specified in <code>[DEFAULT]</code> section to apply to all repositories.


== Read Your Language ==
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|desc=Example old make.conf file|body=
# user changed PORTDIR location
PORTDIR="/var/db/repos/funtoo"
PORTDIR_OVERLAY="/var/db/repos/foo /var/db/repos/bar"


A newly installed Funtoo Linux does not able to read all the languages. You want to read the stuff, say, in Mozilla Firefox. You need to install fonts - A good sign that you have not installed the proper fonts is that the following characters appear as boxes with numbers inside: 日本語フォント
SYNC="git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2015.git"
SYNC_USER="oleg"
SYNC_UMASK="022"
}}


Check if you have your language installed (Chinese) by using the <tt>fc-list</tt> command from the <tt>media-libs/fontconfig</tt> ebuild:
{{file|name=/etc/portage/repos.conf|desc=Replacement repos.conf file|body=
[DEFAULT]
sync-user = oleg
sync-umask = 022


<console>
[funtoo]
# ##i##fc-list :lang=zh
location = /var/db/repos/funtoo
</console>
sync-type = git
sync-uri = git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2015.git


If you are lucky, the right font will be installed, and your apps will also be able to use Chinese as the default language. But in case you not have the right font installed in this way, you need to install them manually.
[foo]
location = /var/db/repos/foo
priority = 1


For Japanese:
[bar]
location = /var/db/repos/bar
priority = 2
}}


<console>
The <code>repos.conf</code> configuration can be further extended with ''sync-type'' and ''sync-uri'' for overlays to get ''emerge --sync'' updating them automatically.
# ##i##emerge media-fonts/kochi-substitute
</console>


For Chinese:
let's see a real example of tree and overlays added.
<console>
{{file|name=/etc/portage/repos.conf|desc=Replacement repos.conf file|body=
# ##i##emerge media-fonts/arphicfonts
</console>


For Korean:
[gentoo]
 
location = /usr/portage
<console>
sync-type = git
# ##i##emerge media-fonts/baekmuk-fonts
sync-uri = git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2012.git
</console>
 
[funtoo-overlay]
== Keymap ==
location = /root/git/funtoo-overlay
 
Funtoo Linux defaults to a US English keyboard. If you are using another type of keyboard, edit <tt>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</tt> and set keymap to your keyboard model. For example, cf for French Canadian keyboard, fr for French Azerty.
[funtoo-gnome]
 
location = /root/git/funtoo-gnome-overlay
<console>
}}
# ##i##nano -w /etc/conf.d/keymaps
funtoo-overlay and funtoo-gnome-overlay are an overlays added on top of regular portage tree.
</console>
[[Category:Portage]]
 
== Input Method ==
 
ibus is an Intelligent Input Bus for Linux.
 
<console>
# ##i##emerge -av ibus
</console>
 
You also need to install language table for ibus (Chinese)
 
<console>
# ##i##emerge -av ibus-table-chinese
</console>
 
[[Category:Install|Localization]]

Revision as of 05:39, February 21, 2015

   Warning

This article is a work-in-progress referring to a future Portage version. It does not apply to the current Funtoo Portage version. Please do not update your configuration yet.

Starting with Portage-2.3.8, a switch to a new repository configuration framework is complete and users may want to update their configuration files. This document aims to describe the goals for the new framework and how to use it.

Multiple repository layout

One of the most important changes is the switch from the old overlay layout to a new cleaner repository system. The new layout is more flexible and more predictable. For example, repositories can now use resources (eclasses, for example) provided by other repositories.

The old layout was based on the concept of one main tree and optionally a number of overlays. The main tree provided base system ebuilds, eclasses, profiles, while overlays mostly were able to provide their own ebuilds. The ebuild provided by overlays overrode the ebuilds in main tree to the extend of making it impossible to install the main tree version. Overlays could also provide eclasses for their own ebuilds and package.* entries that applied to all overlays and to the main tree. The Package Manager is responsible for updating the main tree, while overlays are managed externally.

The new layout is based on the concept of one or more configurable repositories. Each repository can either be stand-alone or depend upon other repositories. The distribution provides a repository called funtoo (a drop-in replacement for Gentoo's gentoo repository). Users can install more repositories at they will, the repositories providing their own ebuilds, eclasses and profiles as necessary and/or using them from other repositories. Users can explicitly choose the repository they want to install packages from. The Package Manager can update all repositories.

Portage configuration

New repository layout

The repository configuration should be stored in /etc/portage/repos.conf. It can be either a single file or a directory containing one or more .conf files.

The default configuration is installed as /usr/share/portage/config/repos.conf. This file is internal configuration file installed with portage ebuild and should not be modified. Instead, the configuration in /etc/portage/repos.conf can override the defaults specified there.

The configuration uses format similar to Windows .ini files. Each section heading (repository name in square brackets) signifies a single repository, followed by one or more key-value option pairs. For example, the following file copies default configuration for Funtoo repository:

   /etc/portage/repos.conf/funtoo.conf - Example configuration override for Funtoo repository to move it to non-standard location
[funtoo]
# moved to non-standard location!
location = /var/db/repos/funtoo
sync-type = git
sync-uri = git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2015.git
auto-sync = yes

The most useful repository configuration options are listed below:

location
Obligatory. Specifies the directory where repository is/will be stored. If Portage knows how to sync the repository and the location does not exist, it will be created on next emerge --sync. Otherwise, the directory must exist.
priority
Specifies the priority used for ordering ebuilds from different repositories. If two repositories provide an ebuild with matching versions, the repository with higher priority will be used.
auto-sync
Specifies whether emerge --sync should update the repository. Defaults to yes if sync-type is specified, no otherwise.
sync-depth
Specifies --depth for git clone. Used only on initial sync. Defaults to 1. Can be set to 0 to force full clone (not pass --depth at all).
sync-type
Specifies syncing/update method. Can be one of: cvs, git, rsync, svn.
sync-umask
Specifies the umask used when updating/syncing the repository.
sync-uri
Specifies remote URI from which the repository will be cloned/synced. Can use any syntax valid for a particular syncing method.
sync-user
Specifies the user[:group] used to update/sync the repository. If FEATURES=usersync is used, defaults to the credentials of directory owner.

Additionally a [DEFAULT] section may be specified. Options in this section are used as defaults for all repositories.

Migrating existing configurations

The new configuration format provides replacement for existing configuration done through /etc/portage/make.conf and environment variables. While the variables are still supported for backwards compatibility, users are recommended to move to the new configuration scheme. Funtoo portage ebuild is planned to make the migration unattended (repos.conf installed automatically to ease the config steps) with the following file:

   /etc/portage/repos.conf/funtoo.conf 
[funtoo]
location = /usr/portage
sync-type = git
sync-uri = git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2015.git
auto-sync = yes

The following replacements are provided for existing variables:

PORTDIR
Used to specify main tree location. Replaced by location key in the section corresponding to the default repository ([funtoo] by default).
PORTDIR_OVERLAY
Used to specify locations of overlays. Each of the paths needs to be replaced with a separate repository section, with the path placed in location key. Additionally, priority may be used to force specific ordering of ebuild overrides.
SYNC
Used to specify URI for syncing the main repository, also implied a protocol for doing that. Replaced by the sync-uri and sync-type keys in the default repository section.
SYNC_UMASK
Used to specify umask for syncing repositories. Replaced by sync-umask key in repository configuration. Can be specified in [DEFAULT] section to apply to all repositories.
SYNC_USER
Used to specify user credentials for syncing repositories. Replaced by sync-user key in repository configuration. Can be specified in [DEFAULT] section to apply to all repositories.
   /etc/portage/make.conf - Example old make.conf file
# user changed PORTDIR location
PORTDIR="/var/db/repos/funtoo"
PORTDIR_OVERLAY="/var/db/repos/foo /var/db/repos/bar"

SYNC="git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2015.git"
SYNC_USER="oleg"
SYNC_UMASK="022"
   /etc/portage/repos.conf - Replacement repos.conf file
[DEFAULT]
sync-user = oleg
sync-umask = 022

[funtoo]
location = /var/db/repos/funtoo
sync-type = git
sync-uri = git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2015.git

[foo]
location = /var/db/repos/foo
priority = 1

[bar]
location = /var/db/repos/bar
priority = 2

The repos.conf configuration can be further extended with sync-type and sync-uri for overlays to get emerge --sync updating them automatically.

let's see a real example of tree and overlays added.

   /etc/portage/repos.conf - Replacement repos.conf file
[gentoo]
location = /usr/portage
sync-type = git
sync-uri = git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2012.git
 
[funtoo-overlay]
location = /root/git/funtoo-overlay
 
[funtoo-gnome]
location = /root/git/funtoo-gnome-overlay

funtoo-overlay and funtoo-gnome-overlay are an overlays added on top of regular portage tree.

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