Difference between revisions of "Emerge"

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== Getting started with emerge ==
<languages/>
Emerge is the front-end for funtoo's portage package manager. With emerge it is easy to install, update or remove packages.
<translate>
<!--T:1-->
Emerge is the front-end for funtoo's Portage package manager. With emerge it is easy to install, update or remove packages.


=== Update package database ===
== Update Package Database == <!--T:2-->
'''Sync local package database. This will update your local Portage tree with the latest Funtoo ebuilds.'''
'''Sync meta-repo. This will update your local Portage tree with the latest Funtoo ebuilds.'''
<console>
{{console|body=
###i## emerge --sync
###i## ego sync
</console>
}}
See {{package|app-admin/ego}} ([[Package:Ego|Wiki Page]]) for more information on ego. Also see the man pages: {{c|ego}}, {{c|ego-profile}}, {{c|ego-sync}} and [[Funtoo Profiles]] wiki page.


=== Search packages ===
== Search packages == <!--T:3-->
'''Search packages by name.'''
'''Search packages by name.'''
<console>
{{console|body=
###i## emerge -s firefox
###i## emerge -s firefox
###i## emerge --search firefox
###i## emerge --search firefox
</console>
}}


<!--T:4-->
'''Search packages by description.'''
'''Search packages by description.'''
<console>
{{console|body=
###i## emerge -S web browser
###i## emerge -S web browser
###i## emerge --searchdesc web browser
###i## emerge --searchdesc web browser
</console>
}}


=== Install packages ===
== Install packages == <!--T:5-->
'''Install package.'''
'''Install package.'''
<console>
{{console|body=
###i## emerge firefox
###i## emerge firefox
</console>
}}


<!--T:6-->
'''Install multiple packages.'''
'''Install multiple packages.'''
<console>
{{console|body=
###i## emerge firefox thunderbird
###i## emerge firefox thunderbird
</console>
}}


<!--T:7-->
'''Install package. Ask for confirmation before performing any changes. Show verbose output.'''
'''Install package. Ask for confirmation before performing any changes. Show verbose output.'''
<console>
{{console|body=
###i## emerge -av firefox
###i## emerge -av firefox
###i## emerge --ask firefox
###i## emerge --ask firefox
</console>
}}


=== Remove packages ===
== Remove packages == <!--T:8-->
'''Remove package.'''
'''Remove package.'''
<console>
{{console|body=
###i## emerge -C firefox
###i## emerge -C firefox
###i## emerge --unmerge firefox
###i## emerge --unmerge firefox
</console>
}}


<!--T:9-->
'''Remove package. Ask for confirmation before performing any changes.'''
'''Remove package. Ask for confirmation before performing any changes.'''
<console>
{{console|body=
###i## emerge -aC firefox
###i## emerge -aC firefox
</console>
}}


<!--T:10-->
'''Remove orphaned packages. Ask for confirmation before performing any changes.'''
'''Remove orphaned packages. Ask for confirmation before performing any changes.'''
<console>
{{console|body=
###i## emerge -a --depclean
###i## emerge -a --depclean
</console>
}}


=== Update packages ===
== Update packages == <!--T:11-->
'''Update all packages.'''
'''Update all packages.'''
<console>
{{console|body=
###i## emerge -uDN @world
###i## emerge -uDN @world
</console>
}}


<!--T:12-->
'''Update all packages. Ask for confirmation before performing any changes. Show verbose output.'''
'''Update all packages. Ask for confirmation before performing any changes. Show verbose output.'''
<console>
{{console|body=
###i## emerge -uavDN @world
###i## emerge -uavDN @world
</console>
}}


== Emerge options ==
<!--T:13-->
'''When upgrading to a new version of perl, it is necessary to also run {{c|perl-cleaner}} afterwards:'''
{{console|body=
###i## emerge -auvDN @world
###i## perl-cleaner --all
}}


<!--T:14-->
{{Note|This requirement of running {{c|perl-cleaner}} will eventually go away, once all perl-related ebuilds are updated to EAPI 5. EAPI 5 is a version of the Ebuild specification that supports smart updating of perl-related bits.}}
== Emerge options == <!--T:15-->
<!--T:16-->
; --sync
; --sync
: Updates the portage tree that is located in /usr/portage by default.
: Updates the portage tree that is located in /usr/portage by default.


<!--T:17-->
; --search -s
; --search -s
: Searches  for  matches  of  the  supplied  string in the portage tree.
: Searches  for  matches  of  the  supplied  string in the portage tree.


<!--T:18-->
; --searchdesc -S
; --searchdesc -S
: Matches the search string against the description field as well as the package name.
: Matches the search string against the description field as well as the package name.


<!--T:19-->
; --ask -a
; --ask -a
: Ask for confirmation before performing any changes.
: Ask for confirmation before performing any changes.


<!--T:20-->
; --pretend -p
; --pretend -p
: Instead of actually performing the merge, simply display what *would* have been installed if --pretend weren't used.
: Instead of actually performing the merge, simply display what *would* have been installed if --pretend weren't used.


<!--T:21-->
; --unmerge -C
; --unmerge -C
: Removes all matching packages.
: Removes all matching packages.


<!--T:22-->
; --update -u
; --update -u
: Updates  packages to the best version available, which may not always be the  highest version number due to masking for testing and development.
: Updates  packages to the best version available, which may not always be the  highest version number due to masking for testing and development.


<!--T:23-->
; --deep [DEPTH] -D
; --deep [DEPTH] -D
: force  emerge  to  consider  the  entire  dependency tree of packages, instead of checking only the immediate dependencies of the packages.
: force  emerge  to  consider  the  entire  dependency tree of packages, instead of checking only the immediate dependencies of the packages.


<!--T:24-->
; --newuse -N
; --newuse -N
: Tells emerge to include installed packages where USE flags have changed since compilation.
: Tells emerge to include installed packages where USE flags have changed since compilation.


<!--T:25-->
; --depclean -c
; --depclean -c
: Remove orphaned packages. Cleans the system by removing packages that are not associated with explicitly merged packages.
: Remove orphaned packages. Cleans the system by removing packages that are not associated with explicitly merged packages.


<!--T:26-->
; --autounmask-write
; --autounmask-write
: Automatically write package.use settings as necessary to satisfy dependencies.
: Automatically write package.use settings as necessary to satisfy dependencies.


<!--T:27-->
; --resume -r
; --resume -r
: Resumes  the  most recent merge list that has been aborted due to an error.
: Resumes  the  most recent merge list that has been aborted due to an error.


<!--T:28-->
; --jobs[=JOBS] -j [JOBS]
; --jobs[=JOBS] -j [JOBS]
: Specifies the number of packages to build simultaneously.
: Specifies the number of packages to build simultaneously.


<!--T:29-->
; --load-average [LOAD]
; --load-average [LOAD]
: Specifies  that  no  new  builds should be started if there are other builds running and the load average is at least LOAD (a floating-point number).
: Specifies  that  no  new  builds should be started if there are other builds running and the load average is at least LOAD (a floating-point number).


== Configuration ==
== Configuration == <!--T:30-->
=== make.conf ===
=== make.conf ===
Emerge can be configured by editing <code>/etc/portage/make.conf</code>:
Emerge can be configured by editing {{c|/etc/make.conf}} to customize settings that are set in profiles. However, it's recommended to try to use [[Funtoo Profiles]] as much as possible to avoid having to clutter up {{c|/etc/make.conf}}. Also note that {{c|/etc/portage/make.conf}} is the same as {{c|/etc/make.conf}} -- they are symlinked.
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
<!--T:31-->
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf||desc=See [[Make.conf]]|body=
# override subarch profile
CFLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe"
CFLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe"
CXXFLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe"
CXXFLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe"


<!--T:32-->
MAKEOPTS="-j2"
MAKEOPTS="-j2"
EMERGE_DEFAULT_OPTS="--jobs 2 --load-average 2"
EMERGE_DEFAULT_OPTS="--jobs 2 --load-average 2"
Line 124: Line 161:
ACCEPT_LICENSE="*"
ACCEPT_LICENSE="*"


<!--T:33-->
# Generally, your subarch profile and flavor/mix-ins will set these for you:
USE="mmx mmxext sse sse2 sse3 ssse3 threads alsa X gtk xcb dri opengl vaapi udev \
USE="mmx mmxext sse sse2 sse3 ssse3 threads alsa X gtk xcb dri opengl vaapi udev \
     svg x264 xvid gstreamer webm vpx icu bash-completion vim-pager \
     svg x264 xvid gstreamer webm vpx icu bash-completion vim-pager \
     -gnome -xscreensaver -cups -fortran -deprecated -iptables -ipv6 -geoloc \
     -gnome -xscreensaver -cups -fortran -deprecated -iptables -ipv6 -geoloc \
     -mta -sendmail -kmod -tiff -live -quicktime -real -gpm -themes"
     -mta -sendmail -kmod -tiff -live -quicktime -real -gpm -themes"
</syntaxhighlight>
}}


=== Package.use ===
=== Package.use === <!--T:34-->
Per-package use flags can be configured in <code>/etc/portage/package.use</code>:
Per-package use flags can be configured in


<syntaxhighlight lang="cpp">
<!--T:35-->
{{file|name=/etc/portage/package.use|body=
x11-wm/dwm savedconfig
x11-wm/dwm savedconfig
x11-drivers/ati-drivers qt4
x11-drivers/ati-drivers qt4
media-sound/ncmpcpp visualizer clock taglib
media-sound/ncmpcpp visualizer clock taglib
</syntaxhighlight>
}}
 
=== package.accept_keywords ===
If you want to install a package that has not been tested on your architecture you need to edit <code>/etc/portage/package.accept_keywords</code>:


 
=== package.accept_keywords === <!--T:36-->
<pre>
If you want to install a package that has not been tested on your architecture you need to edit
{{file|name=/etc/portage/package.accept_keywords|body=
=app-misc/screenfetch-9999 **
=app-misc/screenfetch-9999 **
</pre>
}}


== Other Resources ==
== Other Resources == <!--T:37-->
For more info see the emerge man page.
For more info see the emerge man page.
<console>
{{console|body=
$##i## man emerge
$##i## man emerge
</console>
}}
 
</translate>
[[Category:Portage]]
[[Category:Portage]]
[[Category:HOWTO]]
[[Category:HOWTO]]

Revision as of 04:55, April 14, 2019

Other languages:
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Emerge is the front-end for funtoo's Portage package manager. With emerge it is easy to install, update or remove packages.

Update Package Database

Sync meta-repo. This will update your local Portage tree with the latest Funtoo ebuilds.

root # ego sync

See app-admin/ego (Wiki Page) for more information on ego. Also see the man pages: ego, ego-profile, ego-sync and Funtoo Profiles wiki page.

Search packages

Search packages by name.

root # emerge -s firefox
root # emerge --search firefox

Search packages by description.

root # emerge -S web browser
root # emerge --searchdesc web browser

Install packages

Install package.

root # emerge firefox

Install multiple packages.

root # emerge firefox thunderbird

Install package. Ask for confirmation before performing any changes. Show verbose output.

root # emerge -av firefox
root # emerge --ask firefox

Remove packages

Remove package.

root # emerge -C firefox
root # emerge --unmerge firefox

Remove package. Ask for confirmation before performing any changes.

root # emerge -aC firefox

Remove orphaned packages. Ask for confirmation before performing any changes.

root # emerge -a --depclean

Update packages

Update all packages.

root # emerge -uDN @world

Update all packages. Ask for confirmation before performing any changes. Show verbose output.

root # emerge -uavDN @world

When upgrading to a new version of perl, it is necessary to also run perl-cleaner afterwards:

root # emerge -auvDN @world
root # perl-cleaner --all
   Note

This requirement of running perl-cleaner will eventually go away, once all perl-related ebuilds are updated to EAPI 5. EAPI 5 is a version of the Ebuild specification that supports smart updating of perl-related bits.

Emerge options

--sync
Updates the portage tree that is located in /usr/portage by default.
--search -s
Searches for matches of the supplied string in the portage tree.
--searchdesc -S
Matches the search string against the description field as well as the package name.
--ask -a
Ask for confirmation before performing any changes.
--pretend -p
Instead of actually performing the merge, simply display what *would* have been installed if --pretend weren't used.
--unmerge -C
Removes all matching packages.
--update -u
Updates packages to the best version available, which may not always be the highest version number due to masking for testing and development.
--deep [DEPTH] -D
force emerge to consider the entire dependency tree of packages, instead of checking only the immediate dependencies of the packages.
--newuse -N
Tells emerge to include installed packages where USE flags have changed since compilation.
--depclean -c
Remove orphaned packages. Cleans the system by removing packages that are not associated with explicitly merged packages.
--autounmask-write
Automatically write package.use settings as necessary to satisfy dependencies.
--resume -r
Resumes the most recent merge list that has been aborted due to an error.
--jobs[=JOBS] -j [JOBS]
Specifies the number of packages to build simultaneously.
--load-average [LOAD]
Specifies that no new builds should be started if there are other builds running and the load average is at least LOAD (a floating-point number).

Configuration

make.conf

Emerge can be configured by editing /etc/make.conf to customize settings that are set in profiles. However, it's recommended to try to use Funtoo Profiles as much as possible to avoid having to clutter up /etc/make.conf. Also note that /etc/portage/make.conf is the same as /etc/make.conf -- they are symlinked.

   /etc/portage/make.conf - See Make.conf
# override subarch profile
CFLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe"
CXXFLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe"

MAKEOPTS="-j2"
EMERGE_DEFAULT_OPTS="--jobs 2 --load-average 2"
INPUT_DEVICES="evdev synaptics"
VIDEO_CARDS="intel i965"
LINGUAS="en en_US en_GB"
ACCEPT_LICENSE="*"

# Generally, your subarch profile and flavor/mix-ins will set these for you:
USE="mmx mmxext sse sse2 sse3 ssse3 threads alsa X gtk xcb dri opengl vaapi udev \
     svg x264 xvid gstreamer webm vpx icu bash-completion vim-pager \
     -gnome -xscreensaver -cups -fortran -deprecated -iptables -ipv6 -geoloc \
     -mta -sendmail -kmod -tiff -live -quicktime -real -gpm -themes"

Package.use

Per-package use flags can be configured in

   /etc/portage/package.use
x11-wm/dwm savedconfig
x11-drivers/ati-drivers qt4
media-sound/ncmpcpp visualizer clock taglib

package.accept_keywords

If you want to install a package that has not been tested on your architecture you need to edit

   /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords
=app-misc/screenfetch-9999 **

Other Resources

For more info see the emerge man page.

user $ man emerge