Difference between revisions of "KDE Plasma Desktop"

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(Old single KDE guide. Has since been split into two pages: one each for KDE SC 4 and KDE Plasma 5. Set to redirect.)
 
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[https://www.kde.org/workspaces/plasmadesktop/ KDE Plasma] is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_environment desktop environment] developed by the [https://www.kde.org KDE Community]. KDE Plasma is based on the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_%28software%29 Qt] framework. Funtoo Linux offers KDE Plasma together with a variety of [https://www.kde.org/applications/ Applications] also from [https://www.kde.org KDE]. Through Qt and a common platform of libraries and services, KDE Plasma combined with KDE Applications aims to deliver a desktop environment that is tightly integrated and visually consistent.
#REDIRECT [[KDE Plasma 5]]
 
Currently there are two versions of the KDE Plasma Desktop available for Funtoo Linux - Plasma 4 and Plasma 5.
 
KDE Plasma 4 was released in 2008 [https://www.kde.org/announcements/4.0/] and succeeded by '''Plasma 5''' in 2014 [https://www.kde.org/announcements/plasma5.0/]. Development of Plasma 4 ceased in 2015 [https://www.kde.org/announcements/announce-applications-15.08.0.php].
 
This guide aims to cover the steps required to achieve a basic install of KDE Plasma on x86 architectures following the completion of the [[Install]] guide.
 
External Links:
 
KDE.org - [https://www.kde.org www.kde.org]
 
KDE Plasma Desktop - [https://www.kde.org/workspaces/plasmadesktop/ www.kde.org/workspaces/plasmadesktop/]
 
KDE Applications - [https://www.kde.org/applications/ www.kde.org/applications/]
 
Gentoo Linux Wiki - [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/KDE wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/KDE]
 
Phoronix - "KDE Plasma 5.5: The Quintessential 2016 Review" - http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=kde-2016-review&num=1
 
__TOC__
 
== Pre-Installation ==
The following instructions are written for a new installation of Funtoo Linux performed using the [[Install]] guide.
 
=== Funtoo Profiles ===
Correctly setting [[Funtoo Profiles]] is required to install KDE. Review the selected profiles using [[Funtoo_Profiles#Using_epro|epro]].
 
{{console|body=
###i## epro show
 
=== ##g##Enabled Profiles##!g##: ===
 
        arch: ##bl##x86-64bit##!bl##
      build: ##bl##current##!bl##
    subarch: ##bl##intel64-haswell##!bl##
      flavor: ##bl##core##!bl##
    mix-ins: (not set)
 
 
=== ##g##All inherited flavors from core flavor##!g##: ===
 
                        ##bl##minimal##!bl## (from core flavor)
 
}}
 
The recommended [[Funtoo_Profiles#Flavors|flavor]] for KDE is ''desktop''. This can be selected with the command epro flavor desktop
 
{{console|body=
###i## epro flavor desktop
 
=== ##g##Enabled Profiles##!g##: ===
 
        arch: ##bl##x86-64bit##!bl##
      build: ##bl##current##!bl##
    subarch: ##bl##intel64-haswell##!bl##
      flavor: ##bl##desktop##!bl##
    mix-ins: (not set)
 
>>> Set flavor to desktop.
}}
 
Following a [[Funtoo_Profiles#Flavors|flavor]] change an update of Funtoo packages is required
 
{{console|body=
###i## emerge --ask --update --verbose --deep --newuse --with-bdeps=y @world
}}
 
{{tip|This command can be shortened to
 
{{console|body=
###i## emerge -auvDN --with-bdeps=y @world
}}
}}
 
=== Install the X Window System ===
KDE requires the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_Window_System X Window System (X11)] to present graphics (video) and receive input (keyboard, mouse, joystick, etc.). Configuration is required for X11 to work with the video card on the target hardware. Use the [[Video]] guide to determine the appropriate VIDEO_CARDS entry for Funtoo Linux. With your favorite editor, edit {{f|make.conf}} to include the setting appropriate for the target video hardware.
 
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|desc=example for Intel HD Graphics|body=
VIDEO_CARDS="intel i965"
}}
 
Now install the X Window System by merging the meta-package {{Package|x11-base/xorg-x11}}
 
{{console|body=
###i## emerge --ask --verbose x11-base/xorg-x11
}}
 
=== Localization ===
To install KDE for a language other than English (United States) add an appropriate LINGUAS entry to {{f|/etc/portage/make.conf}}
 
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|desc=Example for English (United Kingdom)|body=
LINGUAS="en_GB"
}}
 
{{tip|More information on Localization can be found at [[Funtoo Linux Localization]].}}
 
== Emerge KDE Plasma ==
Choose a version of KDE Plasma.
 
=== KDE Plasma 5 ===
The [[Funtoo Profiles]] were earlier set to the ''desktop'' flavor. Now an additional [[Funtoo_Profiles#Mix-ins|mix-in]] profile is required to provide a smooth installation of KDE Plasma 5.
 
There are two KDE-related mix-ins available in Funtoo: ''kde'' and ''kde-plasma-5''. The mix-in required for Plasma 5 is '''kde-plasma-5'''. Do NOT choose kde. Add the mix-in using {{c|epro}}
 
{{console|body=
###i## epro mix-in kde-plasma-5
 
=== ##g##Enabled Profiles##!g##: ===
 
        arch: ##bl##x86-64bit##!bl##
      build: ##bl##current##!bl##
    subarch: ##bl##intel64-haswell##!bl##
      flavor: ##bl##desktop##!bl##
    mix-ins: ##bl##kde-plasma-5##!bl##
 
>>> Added kde-plasma-5 mix-in.
}}
 
This is the point to emerge KDE Plasma 5. This is performed by merging the package '''kde-apps/kde-meta:5''' which include the Plasma Desktop and a variety of KDE Applications. '''Including the colon-5 without a space (:5) after kde-meta ensures that Plasma 5 (not 4) will be merged.''' Since the Profile has changed (added mix-in) the world set of packages must be updated as well. These actions can be performed in one step
 
{{console|body=
###i## emerge -auvDN --with-bdeps=y @world kde-apps/kde-meta:5
}}
 
{{note|Versions of kde-apps/kde-meta for Plasma 5 are in the format 15.xx.x, for example kde-apps/kde-meta-15.08.3.}}
 
Once completed proceed to the chapter [[KDE#Configure_and_Start_KDE|Configure and Start KDE]].
 
=== Alternative - Plasma 4 (discontinued by KDE) ===
 
This chapter is for users wanting to install the older Plasma 4 desktop.
 
The [[Funtoo Profiles]] were earlier set to the ''desktop'' flavor. Now an additional [[Funtoo_Profiles#Mix-ins|mix-in]] profile is required to provide a smooth installation of KDE Plasma 4.
 
There are two KDE-related mix-ins available in Funtoo: ''kde'' and ''kde-plasma-5''. The mix-in required for Plasma 4 is '''kde'''. Do NOT choose kde-plasma-5. Add the mix-in using {{c|epro}}
 
{{console|body=
###i## epro mix-in kde
 
=== ##g##Enabled Profiles##!g##: ===
 
        arch: ##bl##x86-64bit##!bl##
      build: ##bl##current##!bl##
    subarch: ##bl##intel64-haswell##!bl##
      flavor: ##bl##desktop##!bl##
    mix-ins: ##bl##kde##!bl##
 
>>> Added kde mix-in.
}}
 
Now KDE Plasma 4 can be merged.
 
This is performed by merging the package '''kde-apps/kde-meta:4''' which include the Plasma Desktop and a variety of KDE Applications. '''Including the colon-4 without a space (:4) after kde-meta ensures that Plasma 4 (not 5) will be merged.''' Since the Profile has changed (added mix-in) the world set of packages must be updated as well. These actions can be performed in one step
{{console|body=
###i## emerge -auvDN --with-bdeps=y @world kde-apps/kde-meta:4
}}
 
{{note|The version of kde-apps/kde-meta for '''Plasma 4''' is currently 4.14.3, '''not''' 15.xx.x.}}
 
Once completed proceed to the chapter [[KDE#Configure_and_Start_KDE|Configure and Start KDE]].
 
== Configure and Start KDE ==
 
=== OpenRC ===
After the many packages have been merged portage will present a variety of post-install messages. A number of these will request that critical services are started first in order for KDE to work. Typically these are ALSA ({{Package|media-libs/alsa-lib}}), ConsoleKit ({{Package|sys-auth/consolekit}}), DBus ({{Package|sys-apps/dbus}}), and UDev ({{Package|sys-fs/eudev}}). Since the ''desktop'' flavor has been set CUPS ({{Package|net-print/cups}}) will also be included.
 
Issue the following commands to set these essential services to start automatically via OpenRC (sys-apps/openrc)
 
{{console|body=
###i## rc-update add alsasound boot
###i## rc-update add cupsd default
###i## rc-update add consolekit default
}}
 
DBus is usually started when these services start.
 
UDev is usually rebuilt during an install of KDE due to changes in USE flags from changing Profile flavor and mix-ins. To accommodate changes it is best to restart the service.
 
{{console|body=
###i## /etc/init.d/udev --nodeps restart
}}
 
{{tip|Do not confuse the UDev package '''eudev''' (sys-fs/eudev) with '''evdev'''! '''evdev''' is the generic input device driver for the X Window System (x11-drivers/xf86-input-evdev)!}}
 
=== Create a User Account ===
Now is the appropriate point to create a user account for use with KDE Plasma. The following example creates a user ''alice'' and associates that account with the Groups ''lp'', ''lpadmin'', ''plugdev'', ''users'', ''video'' and ''wheel''. A home directory for the account ''alice'' will be created at {{f|/home/alice}}.
 
{{console|body=
###i## useradd -m -G games,lp,lpadmin,plugdev,users,video,wheel alice
}}
 
Now set a password for ''alice''
 
{{console|body=
###i## passwd alice
}}
 
=== Starting KDE with a Display (Login) Manager ===
==== KDE Plasma 5 ====
The recommended [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_display_manager_(program_type) Display Manager] for KDE Plasma 5 is SDDM - {{Package|x11-misc/sddm}}. Installing KDE Plasma 5 with the ''kde-plasma-5'' mix-in installs SDDM.
 
A few steps must first be completed in order for SDDM to work correctly . The first step is to create a configuration file for SDDM as one is not created automatically. Generate one using the following command
 
{{console|body=
###i## sddm --example-config > /etc/sddm.conf
}}
 
The configuration file now exists at {{f|/etc/sddm.conf}}. Edit this file with your favorite editor, changing the option 'Current' to be equal to 'breeze' - the KDE Plasma 5 default theme.
 
{{file|name=/etc/sddm.conf|desc=Change the line Current= |body=
 
[Theme]
# Current theme name
Current=breeze
 
}}
 
Next it is required to allow SDDM access the video hardware. This is achieved by adding the user ''sddm'' to the group ''video'' with the following command
 
{{console|body=
###i## gpasswd -a sddm video
}}
 
SDDM is installed with support for ConsoleKit ({{Package|sys-auth/consolekit}}) and Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM). For these features to operate correctly edit the file {{f|/etc/pam.d/system-login}} and change the line
 
{{file|name=/etc/pam.d/system-login|body=
session    optional    pam_ck_connector.so nox11
}}
 
by removing the part 'nox11'. It should now read
 
{{file|name=/etc/pam.d/system-login|body=
session    optional    pam_ck_connector.so
}}
 
The final steps involve configuring OpenRC to load SDDM during startup.
 
Edit {{f|/etc/conf.d/xdm}} with your favorite editor, updating the DISPLAYMANAGER entry to equal 'sddm'.
 
{{file|name=/etc/conf.d/xdm|body=
DISPLAYMANAGER="sddm"
}}
 
Now add xdm to the default runlevel of OpenRC.
 
{{console|body=
###i## rc-update add xdm default
}}
 
The display manager SDDM should appear at the end of computer boot. To avoid an unnecessary restart you can launch SDDM/KDE from here with a simple command
 
{{console|body=
###i## rc
}}
 
You will be presented with a login screen. Input devices (mouse, keyboard) should be working at this stage. Logging in will take you to the KDE Plasma 5 desktop.
 
==== KDE Plasma 4 ====
The default [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_display_manager_(program_type) Display Manager] for KDE Plasma 4 is KDM (kde-base/kdm), not SDDM.
 
To use KDM first edit {{f|/etc/conf.d/xdm}} with your favorite editor, updating the DISPLAYMANAGER entry to equal 'kdm'
 
{{file|name=/etc/conf.d/xdm|body=
DISPLAYMANAGER="kdm"
}}
 
Now add xdm to the default runlevel of OpenRC.
 
{{console|body=
###i## rc-update add xdm default
}}
 
The display manager KDM should appear at the end of computer boot. To avoid an unnecessary restart you can launch KDM/KDE from here with a simple command
 
{{console|body=
###i## rc
}}
 
You should be presented with a graphical login screen. Input devices (mouse, keyboard) should be working at this stage. Logging in will take you to the KDE Plasma desktop of KDE SC 4.
 
== Next Steps? ==
'''This concludes the basic installation of KDE Plasma on Funtoo Linux.'''
 
For advanced installation options visit the individual package pages for KDE Plasma:
 
For KDE Plasma 5 see {{Package|kde-plasma/plasma-meta}}.
 
For KDE Plasma 4 (KDE SC 4) see {{Package|kde-base/kde-meta}}.
 
== Tips and Tricks ==
{{SectionNeedsUpdates}}
=== Install KDE Plasma 5 from an Alternative Repository (overlay) ===
An alternative installation method exists for KDE Plasma 5 which utilizes an external repository of KDE packages (separate to Funtoo Linux).
 
See [[KDE Plasma 5]].
 
=== Change Desktop Effects ===
System Setting > Desktop Behavior > Desktop Effects
 
=== Enable the Application Dashboard in KDE Plasma 5 ===
Unlock Widgets
Right-click on Panel > Alternatives
 
== Troubleshooting ==
 
=== Missing KCM in KDE Plasma 5 ===
kde-misc/kcm-ufw has not been updated to work with KDE Plasma 5.
 
[[Category:Desktop]]
[[Category:First Steps]]
[[Category:Official Documentation]]

Latest revision as of 13:37, May 13, 2016

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