Difference between revisions of "Video"

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The purpose of this page is to give you streamlined steps for setting up your video hardware for X, and desktop environments such as GNOME.
{{warning|This page is hot garbage, and has not been updated since 2016.  DO NOT put video card statements in make.conf use [[Funtoo_Profiles]] instead.}}


{{Important|Editors: OK, I've decided to change the plans for this page. This is going to be a page similar to [[Subarches]]. The idea is to help people to identify their hardware and guide them toward the correct driver for their chipset. The focus will be primarily on defining the types of hardware that are supported, what products they appear in, and how to know if you have this hardware, and also give people good general overview of options available to them (free vs. proprietary, etc.) Other important topics that apply to all drivers, like <code>eselect opengl</code> should be covered as well. This will then serve as the meta-page for Video support, with individual ebuild pages holding the details for each driver.}}
== Video Driver Installation and Setup ==


== Video Drivers ==
Individual driver pages cover specific setup steps for each driver. The general process is as follows:


first determine which video card you have and which driver it requires.
# Define {{c|VIDEO_CARDS}} variable in {{f|/etc/portage/make.conf}} to refer to the name of the driver that you wish to use. Special names, rather than ebuild package names are used. For example, {{c|fglrx}} is used to refer to {{package|x11-drivers/ati-drivers}}.
# Update your system using <code>emerge</code>, if X is already installed, or <code>emerge xorg-x11</code>. Your <code>VIDEO_CARDS</code> settings will result in your selected drivers being installed.
# Configure X to use these drivers. This often involves running {{c|X -configure}} or using a supplied tool to produce an initial X configuration like {{c|aticonfig --initial}}.
# If necessary (this is typically done automatically for you,) run {{c|eselect opengl}} and {{c|eselect opencl}} to set the working OpenGL and OpenCL implementation.


<console>###i## lspci -k</console>
== Selecting a Video Driver ==


=== Intel ===
First determine which video card you have and which driver it requires.
Add or Edit the <code>VIDEO_CARDS</code> global variable in <code>/etc/make.conf</code> to the value in the following table appropriate for the Intel graphics hardware.
* '''NEED TABLE''': available drivers, hardware gen, VIDEO_CARDS variable
gen 1&2:
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|lang=|desc=set video global variable|body=
VIDEO_CARDS="intel"
}}
gen 3
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|lang=|desc=set video global variable|body=
VIDEO_CARDS="intel i915"
}}
gen 4+
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|lang=|desc=set video global variable|body=
VIDEO_CARDS="intel i965"
}}
* custom kernel menuconfig settings


=== AMD/ATI ===
{{console|body=###i## lspci -nn | grep -i vga}}
Users can choose between free ({{Package|x11-drivers/xf86-video-ati}}) and proprietary ({{Package|x11-drivers/ati-drivers}}) video drivers. The free drivers are recommended as the proprietary drivers are not currently maintained very well by AMD.


Add or Edit the VIDEO_CARDS global variable in <code>/etc/make.conf</code> to the value in the following table appropriate for the AMD/ATI graphics hardware.
* '''NEED TABLE''': available drivers, hardware gen, required VIDEO_CARDS variable
Open source drivers:
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|lang=|desc=set video global variable|body=
VIDEO_CARDS="radeon"
}}


Closed source drivers:
Once hardware is determined use the following sections to add or edit the {{c|VIDEO_CARDS}} global variable in {{f|/etc/portage/[[make.conf]]}}.  See the specific driver pages for more granular details including kernel configurations, frame buffer settings, and X configuration.
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|lang=|desc=set video global variable|body=
VIDEO_CARDS="fglrx"
}}


* custom kernel menuconfig settings
{{TableStart}}
<tr class="warn"><th>Package Name</th><th>License</th><th>Developed by</th><th><code>VIDEO_CARDS</code> setting</th></tr>
<tr><td>{{Package|x11-drivers/xf86-video-ati}}</td><td>'''Open Source'''</td><td>Community</td><td><code>radeon, radeonsi</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>{{Package|x11-drivers/ati-drivers}}</td><td>Proprietary</td><td>AMD</td><td><code>fglrx</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>{{Package|x11-drivers/xf86-video-intel}}</td><td>'''Open Source'''</td><td>[http://www.intel.com Intel]</td><td><code>intel, intel i915, intel i965</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>{{Package|x11-drivers/xf86-video-nouveau}}</td><td>'''Open Source'''</td><td>Community</td><td><code>nouveau</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>{{Package|x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers}}</td><td>Proprietary</td><td>[http://www.nvidia.com NVIDIA]</td><td><code>nvidia</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>{{Package|x11-drivers/xf86-video-vesa}}</td><td>'''Open Source'''</td><td>Community</td><td><code>vesa</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>{{Package|x11-drivers/xf86-video-vga}}</td><td>'''Open Source'''</td><td>Community</td><td><code>vga</code></td></tr>
{{TableEnd}}


=== Nvidia ===
An overview of each driver follows:
Users can choose between Open (nouveau) and Closed-Source (nvidia) video drivers. Add or Edit the VIDEO_CARDS global variable in /etc/portage/make.conf to the value in the following table appropriate for the Nvidia graphics hardware.
* '''NEED TABLE''': nouveau + nvidia-drivers versions, hardware gen, required VIDEO_CARDS variable
Open source drivers:
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|lang=|desc=set video global variable|body=
VIDEO_CARDS="nouveau"
}}
Closed source [[Package:NVIDIA_Linux_Display_Drivers | drivers]]:
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|lang=|desc=set video global variable|body=
VIDEO_CARDS="nvidia"
}}
* custom kernel menuconfig settings
different settings for nouveau and nvidia


=== Other ===
=== AMD/ATI ===
==== Multiple Cards (Hybrid Graphics) ====
recommended make.conf VIDEO_CARDS
Hybrid intel/ati:
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|lang=|desc=set video global variable|body=
VIDEO_CARDS="fglrx intel"
}}


==== Virtual Machine Guests ====
Users can choose between free ({{Package|x11-drivers/xf86-video-ati}}) and proprietary ({{Package|x11-drivers/ati-drivers}}) video drivers.  {{Package|x11-drivers/ati-drivers}} supports a variety AMD products, including Radeon R9, R7, R5 and HD 5000 Series through HD 8000 Series. Also supported are AMD A-Series APUs and Mobile Radeon HD chipsets. The free {{Package|x11-drivers/xf86-video-ati}} has an official [http://xorg.freedesktop.org/wiki/RadeonFeature/ hardware and feature compatibility matrix]. The free drivers are recommended as the proprietary drivers are not currently maintained very well by AMD.
(details?)
Users of AMD Southern & Sea Islands (HD7750 and above) should enable radeonsi for better performance and functionality.
These settings are used by Parallels VM's and presumably others
{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|lang=|desc=set video global variable|body=
VIDEO_CARDS="vesa vga"
}}


==== Raspberry Pi ====
=== Intel ===
(details?)
 
== Install ==
once your video cards variable is set in make.conf merge changes into your system
 
<console>###i## emerge -avuND world</console>


eselect profile?
The Intel video driver ({{package|x11-drivers/xf86-video-intel}} supports [[Wikipedia:Intel_GMA|Intel GMA]] and [[Wikipedia:Intel_HD_and_Iris_Graphics|Intel HD]] graphics processors, which are found in laptops and desktop systems.


==Configure X.org==
=== NVIDIA ===
===Intel===
?
===Nvidia===
nvidia-xconfig, etc.


===AMD/ATI===
Users can choose between {{Package|x11-drivers/xf86-video-nouveau}} and proprietary {{package|x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers}} video drivers released by NVIDIA. The proprietary drivers have a reputation for quality, although they are often not updated to work with the latest versions of X or the Linux kernel.
aticonfig, etc.
<console># ##i##aticonfig --initial --input=/etc/X11/xorg.conf</console>


==Configure framebuffer==
== Managing Installed Drivers ==
What to put in boot.conf etc. Assumes that the kernel is correctly configured.
=== Xorg Resolution ===
===Intel===
{{file|name=/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/45-lowres.conf|lang=|desc=To lower resolution and set dpi edit this file|body=
?
Section "Device"
===Nvidia===
    Identifier    "Configured Video Device"
* settings for nouveau
EndSection
* settings for nvidia-drivers
* How to use sys-apps/v86d
===AMD/ATI===
* settings for fglxr
* settings for radeon, etc.


==Finalize and test==
Section "Monitor"
* eselect opengl
    Identifier    "Configured Monitor"
{{note|change the number of card eselected to match the card of your system}}
    HorizSync      30.0-62.0
<console>###i## eselect opengl list
    VertRefresh    50.0-70.0
###i## eselect opengl set 1</console>
EndSection
* eselect opencl
{{note|some setups can make use of opencl}}
<console>###i##eselect opencl list
###i##eselect opencl set 1</console>
* test


==Troubleshooting==
Section "Screen"
* e.g. what to do if only a blank screen
    Identifier    "Default Screen"
    Monitor        "Configured Monitor"
    Device        "Configured Video Device"
    DefaultDepth    16
    SubSection "Display"
        Depth    16
        Modes    "1280x720" "800x600"
    EndSubSection
EndSection}}

Revision as of 07:28, October 29, 2020

   Warning

This page is hot garbage, and has not been updated since 2016. DO NOT put video card statements in make.conf use Funtoo_Profiles instead.

Video Driver Installation and Setup

Individual driver pages cover specific setup steps for each driver. The general process is as follows:

  1. Define VIDEO_CARDS variable in /etc/portage/make.conf to refer to the name of the driver that you wish to use. Special names, rather than ebuild package names are used. For example, fglrx is used to refer to x11-drivers/ati-drivers.
  2. Update your system using emerge, if X is already installed, or emerge xorg-x11. Your VIDEO_CARDS settings will result in your selected drivers being installed.
  3. Configure X to use these drivers. This often involves running X -configure or using a supplied tool to produce an initial X configuration like aticonfig --initial.
  4. If necessary (this is typically done automatically for you,) run eselect opengl and eselect opencl to set the working OpenGL and OpenCL implementation.

Selecting a Video Driver

First determine which video card you have and which driver it requires.

root # lspci -nn


Once hardware is determined use the following sections to add or edit the VIDEO_CARDS global variable in /etc/portage/make.conf. See the specific driver pages for more granular details including kernel configurations, frame buffer settings, and X configuration.

Package NameLicenseDeveloped byVIDEO_CARDS setting
x11-drivers/xf86-video-atiOpen SourceCommunityradeon, radeonsi
x11-drivers/ati-driversProprietaryAMDfglrx
No resultsOpen SourceIntelintel, intel i915, intel i965
x11-drivers/xf86-video-nouveauOpen SourceCommunitynouveau
x11-drivers/nvidia-driversProprietaryNVIDIAnvidia
No resultsOpen SourceCommunityvesa
No resultsOpen SourceCommunityvga

An overview of each driver follows:

AMD/ATI

Users can choose between free (x11-drivers/xf86-video-ati) and proprietary (x11-drivers/ati-drivers) video drivers. x11-drivers/ati-drivers supports a variety AMD products, including Radeon R9, R7, R5 and HD 5000 Series through HD 8000 Series. Also supported are AMD A-Series APUs and Mobile Radeon HD chipsets. The free x11-drivers/xf86-video-ati has an official hardware and feature compatibility matrix. The free drivers are recommended as the proprietary drivers are not currently maintained very well by AMD. Users of AMD Southern & Sea Islands (HD7750 and above) should enable radeonsi for better performance and functionality.

Intel

The Intel video driver (No results supports Intel GMA and Intel HD graphics processors, which are found in laptops and desktop systems.

NVIDIA

Users can choose between x11-drivers/xf86-video-nouveau and proprietary x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers video drivers released by NVIDIA. The proprietary drivers have a reputation for quality, although they are often not updated to work with the latest versions of X or the Linux kernel.

Managing Installed Drivers

Xorg Resolution

   /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/45-lowres.conf - To lower resolution and set dpi edit this file
Section "Device"
    Identifier    "Configured Video Device"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier    "Configured Monitor"
    HorizSync       30.0-62.0
    VertRefresh     50.0-70.0
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier    "Default Screen"
    Monitor        "Configured Monitor"
    Device        "Configured Video Device"
    DefaultDepth    16
    SubSection "Display"
        Depth    16
        Modes     "1280x720" "800x600"
    EndSubSection
EndSection