Difference between revisions of "Package:NVIDIA Linux Display Drivers"
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|Summary=NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver | |Summary=NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver | ||
|CatPkg=x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers | |CatPkg=x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers | ||
}} | }} | ||
== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
NVIDIA provides proprietary graphics drivers for Linux as binary blobs. The alternative open source driver is {{Package|x11-drivers/xf86-video-nouveau}}. | |||
{{warning|If you installed debian-sources with the binary USE flag you will need to blacklist the nouveau module | |||
{{file|name=/etc/modprobe.d/nouveau-blacklist.conf|body= | |||
blacklist nouveau | |||
options nouveau modeset=0 | |||
alias nouveau off | |||
}}}} | |||
== Preparing to Install == | == Preparing to Install == | ||
=== Hardware compatibility and driver versions === | === Hardware compatibility and driver versions === | ||
Currently there are five | Currently, there are five versions of meta NVIDIA Linux drivers, each of which supports a specific group of GPUs. To learn which driver is suitable for your video card, consult the official page of the NVIDIA [http://www.nvidia.com/object/IO_32667.html complete list of supported GPUs]. Mind that choosing the wrong driver may render your system unusable! | ||
{{warning|With version 396, support for the Fermi family and older cards deprecated. Use the legacy drivers instead. http://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/4654"}} | |||
[http://www.nvidia.com/object/IO_32667.html | |||
=== The required kernel options === | === The required kernel options === | ||
Line 29: | Line 25: | ||
[*] MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) support | [*] MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) support | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{kernelop|desc= | {{kernelop|desc= | ||
Device Drivers ---> | Device Drivers ---> | ||
Graphics support ---> | Graphics support ---> | ||
<*> Support for frame buffer devices ---> | <*> Support for frame buffer devices ---> | ||
<> | <> NVIDIA Framebuffer Support | ||
<> | <> NVIDIA Riva support | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{ | {{tip|An alternative is to [[uvesafb|uvesafb]] framebuffer, or vesa framebuffer which can be installed in parallel with nvidia-drivers }} | ||
{{warning|Installing nvidia-drivers outside of package manager as described below can be problematic. Use at own risk}} | |||
{{note|nVidia offers their Linux drivers directly from their website and for a while now offer these in a ready-to-run package. Visit the nVidia website, click the Driver link and fill in the questionaire to obtain the correct driver package for your nVidia video card. Download this package to a suitable location on your system. Next, kill the X-server so you're on the command line (cli) as the installer refuses to run if it detects the X-window system is running, become root with the su command and navigate to the location where you stored the package. Make the package executable with | |||
{{console|body= | |||
###i## chmod +x NVIDIA*.run | |||
}} | |||
Or type NV then hit the Tab key for easy completion of the file name. Ensure you've blacklisted the Nouveau drivers (see above), then execute the package with | |||
{{console|body= | |||
###i## sh ./NV*.run | |||
}}Again, the Tab key will complete the full package name. The program will unpack itself and start the installation of the nVidia driver. Follow instructions on the screen. Depending on the speed of your hardware, this may take a while and it might appear the program is stuck. It isn't, just needs some more time to finish. After installation, reboot your system. | |||
}} | |||
== Installation == | == Installation == | ||
Upgrade and/or configure VIDEO_CARDS | Upgrade and/or configure the <code>VIDEO_CARDS</code> flag to <code>nvidia</code> in <code>/etc/portage/[[make.conf]]</code>. | ||
<console> | <console> | ||
# ##i##nano /etc/make.conf | # ##i##nano /etc/portage/make.conf | ||
VIDEO_CARDS="nvidia" | VIDEO_CARDS="nvidia" | ||
</console> | </console> | ||
{{ | For older drivers, especially unsupported versions, you may need to enter the details of the '''''lowest numbered driver that will fail your video-card''''' into {{f|/etc/portage/package.mask}}. Example: | ||
{{file|name=/etc/portage/package.mask|body= | |||
>=x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers-341.0.0 | |||
}} | |||
This will block the installation of the 341.0.0 driver '''''and all later versions''''', as the video cards used (a GT8400GS in this case) is not supported by those newer drivers. emerge will therefore install the latest previous version, in this case the 340.102 driver. | |||
{{note|Installing the driver with the '''gtk''' use flags will also provide <code>media-video/nvidia-settings</code> which is a graphical tool for monitoring and various settings for your video card}} | |||
=== Emerging the package === | === Emerging the package === | ||
<console> | <console> | ||
###i## emerge x11-drivers/nvidia- | ###i## emerge x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers | ||
</console> | </console> | ||
Line 65: | Line 78: | ||
###i## modprobe nvidia | ###i## modprobe nvidia | ||
</console> | </console> | ||
=== The Importance of the Video Group === | |||
While many video drivers (those that are part of xorg-x11) do not require users to be part of the {{c|video}} group for hardware acceleration, the NVIDIA drivers definitely do require this. Please make sure that any non-root user is part of the {{c|video}} group. This can be done by using {{c|vigr}} or via the command-line as follows: | |||
{{console|body= | |||
# ##i## usermod -a -G video myusername | |||
}} | |||
=== Testing your Video Card === | === Testing your Video Card === | ||
Line 70: | Line 91: | ||
<console> | <console> | ||
$ ##i##glxinfo | grep direct | $ ##i##glxinfo | grep direct | ||
direct rendering: yes | |||
</console> | </console> | ||
Line 82: | Line 103: | ||
=== Integration with X Server === | === Integration with X Server === | ||
When your X server is installed | When your X server is installed and there is a <code>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</code> you can run the nvidia-xconfig which will identify and set the video card, amongst other possible configurations, in your xorg.conf. | ||
<console>###i## nvidia-xconfig</console> | |||
{{file|name=/etc/X11/xorg.conf|body= | {{file|name=/etc/X11/xorg.conf|body= | ||
Section "Device" | Section "Device" | ||
Line 89: | Line 113: | ||
VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation" | VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation" | ||
BoardName "[Name] [Model]" | BoardName "[Name] [Model]" | ||
Option "RegistryDwords" "EnableBrightnessControl=1" | |||
EndSection | EndSection | ||
}} | }} | ||
=== Enabling | {{Note|1=The "EnableBrightnessControl=1" option above will allow laptop backlight brightness to be controlled via hotkey or via GNOME slider. Without this option, it is likely that brightness will not be able to be controlled.}} | ||
Include the use flag in '''nvidia''' /etc/portage/make.conf so | |||
=== Enabling NVIDIA Support === | |||
Include the use flag in '''nvidia''' in <code>/etc/portage/[[make.conf]]</code> so that applications flags are set correctly. | |||
<console> | |||
# ##i##nano /etc/portage/make.conf | |||
USE="nvidia" | |||
</console> | |||
=== Enabling OpenGL/OpenCL === | === Enabling OpenGL/OpenCL === |
Revision as of 02:24, April 17, 2018
NVIDIA Linux Display Drivers
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Introduction
NVIDIA provides proprietary graphics drivers for Linux as binary blobs. The alternative open source driver is x11-drivers/xf86-video-nouveau.
If you installed debian-sources with the binary USE flag you will need to blacklist the nouveau module
/etc/modprobe.d/nouveau-blacklist.conf
blacklist nouveau
options nouveau modeset=0
alias nouveau off
Preparing to Install
Hardware compatibility and driver versions
Currently, there are five versions of meta NVIDIA Linux drivers, each of which supports a specific group of GPUs. To learn which driver is suitable for your video card, consult the official page of the NVIDIA complete list of supported GPUs. Mind that choosing the wrong driver may render your system unusable!
With version 396, support for the Fermi family and older cards deprecated. Use the legacy drivers instead. http://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/4654"
The required kernel options
[*] Enable loadable module support
[*] MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) support
Device Drivers ---> Graphics support ---> <*> Support for frame buffer devices ---> <> NVIDIA Framebuffer Support <> NVIDIA Riva support
An alternative is to uvesafb framebuffer, or vesa framebuffer which can be installed in parallel with nvidia-drivers
Installing nvidia-drivers outside of package manager as described below can be problematic. Use at own risk
nVidia offers their Linux drivers directly from their website and for a while now offer these in a ready-to-run package. Visit the nVidia website, click the Driver link and fill in the questionaire to obtain the correct driver package for your nVidia video card. Download this package to a suitable location on your system. Next, kill the X-server so you're on the command line (cli) as the installer refuses to run if it detects the X-window system is running, become root with the su command and navigate to the location where you stored the package. Make the package executable with
root # chmod +x NVIDIA*.run
Or type NV then hit the Tab key for easy completion of the file name. Ensure you've blacklisted the Nouveau drivers (see above), then execute the package with
root # sh ./NV*.runAgain, the Tab key will complete the full package name. The program will unpack itself and start the installation of the nVidia driver. Follow instructions on the screen. Depending on the speed of your hardware, this may take a while and it might appear the program is stuck. It isn't, just needs some more time to finish. After installation, reboot your system.
Installation
Upgrade and/or configure the VIDEO_CARDS
flag to nvidia
in /etc/portage/make.conf
.
root # nano /etc/portage/make.conf VIDEO_CARDS="nvidia"
For older drivers, especially unsupported versions, you may need to enter the details of the lowest numbered driver that will fail your video-card into /etc/portage/package.mask
. Example:
/etc/portage/package.mask
>=x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers-341.0.0
This will block the installation of the 341.0.0 driver and all later versions, as the video cards used (a GT8400GS in this case) is not supported by those newer drivers. emerge will therefore install the latest previous version, in this case the 340.102 driver.
Installing the driver with the gtk use flags will also provide media-video/nvidia-settings
which is a graphical tool for monitoring and various settings for your video card
Emerging the package
root # emerge x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers
When the installation is complete run modprobe nvidia module to read kernel memory.
root # lsmod | grep nvidia
If an update before remove the old module
root # rmmod nvidia root # modprobe nvidia
The Importance of the Video Group
While many video drivers (those that are part of xorg-x11) do not require users to be part of the video
group for hardware acceleration, the NVIDIA drivers definitely do require this. Please make sure that any non-root user is part of the video
group. This can be done by using vigr
or via the command-line as follows:
root # usermod -a -G video myusername
Testing your Video Card
To test your video card run the glxinfo program, which is part of the mesa-progs package. This will check if direct rendering is enabled.
user $ glxinfo | grep direct direct rendering: yes
Configuring
Loading at boot
To automate the loading of the module when you boot your system, add nvidia in modules variable.
root # nano /etc/conf.d/modules modules="nvidia"
Integration with X Server
When your X server is installed and there is a /etc/X11/xorg.conf
you can run the nvidia-xconfig which will identify and set the video card, amongst other possible configurations, in your xorg.conf.
root # nvidia-xconfig
/etc/X11/xorg.conf
Section "Device"
Identifier "nvidia"
Driver "nvidia"
VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation"
BoardName "[Name] [Model]"
Option "RegistryDwords" "EnableBrightnessControl=1"
EndSection
The "EnableBrightnessControl=1" option above will allow laptop backlight brightness to be controlled via hotkey or via GNOME slider. Without this option, it is likely that brightness will not be able to be controlled.
Enabling NVIDIA Support
Include the use flag in nvidia in /etc/portage/make.conf
so that applications flags are set correctly.
root # nano /etc/portage/make.conf USE="nvidia"
Enabling OpenGL/OpenCL
As a requirement, make sure that the Xorg server is not in use during this change. To enable OpenGL and OpenCL.
root # eselect opengl set nvidia root # eselect opencl set nvidia