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User:Pnoecker/standard install
This howto describes how to setup a generic LVM2 install. It is a standalone installation walk through, loosely based on the official installations finished product.
You may try this installation method at your own risk! Please note: this guide is outside of the official installation documentation, and cannot be supported. If you choose to use this, we assume you know what you are doing and you are on your own!
Prepare the hard drive, and partitions
- Before you begin, make sure you are partitioning the correct drive. For the rest of this tutorial, we will be using /dev/sdX as a placeholder.
root # lsblk #NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT #sda 8:0 0 1.8T 0 disk #├─sdX1 8:1 0 1M 0 bios_boot #├─sdX2 8:2 0 8G 0 esp /efi #└─sdX3 8:3 0 1.8T 0 part # ├─main-boot 254:0 0 500G 0 lvm /boot # ├─main-swap 254:0 0 500G 0 lvm [swap] # ├─main-root 254:0 0 500G 0 lvm /
link your drive to /dev/sdX
to make following this guide easier you can set udev rules and link the drive you're installing to /dev/sdX so everything is copy paste. just replace the kernel's == sda/mmc/nvme to match your target drive.
- hda/sda drives:
root # echo 'KERNEL=="sda*", SYMLINK+="sdX%n"' > /etc/udev/rules.d/01-funtoo.rules root # udevadm control --reload-rules root # udevadm trigger
- mmc/nvme drives:
root # echo 'KERNEL=="mmcblk0", SYMLINK+="sdX"' > /etc/udev/rules.d/01-funtoo.rules root # echo 'KERNEL=="mmcblk0p*", SYMLINK+="sdX%n"' >> /etc/udev/rules.d/01-funtoo.rules root # udevadm control --reload-rules root # udevadm trigger
- verify linking
root # ls -al /dev/sdX* lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Jul 31 14:00 /dev/sdX -> sde lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 Jul 31 14:00 /dev/sdX1 -> sde1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 Jul 31 14:00 /dev/sdX2 -> sde2
Partition
UEFI Partitioning
root # gdisk /dev/sdX
Within gdisk
, follow these steps:
Empty the partition table:
Command: o ↵ This option deletes all partitions and creates a new protective MBR. Proceed? (Y/N): y ↵
Create bios boot partition:
Command: n ↵ Partition Number: 1 ↵ First sector: ↵ Last sector: +1M ↵ Hex Code: EF02 ↵
Create efi esp partition:
Command: n ↵ Partition Number: 2 ↵ First sector: ↵ Last sector: +64M ↵ Hex Code: EF00 ↵
Create partition which will be our LVM2 virtual partition:
Command: n ↵ Partition Number: 3 ↵ First sector: ↵ Last sector: ↵ (for rest of disk) Hex Code: ↵
Write Partition Table To Disk:
Command: w ↵ Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): Y ↵
The partition table will now be written to the disk and gdisk
will close.
Create and mount filesystems.
Create esp filesystem
root # mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sdX2
- label esp system for fstab later on:
root # fatlabel /dev/sdX2 "EFI"
Create LVM2 volume
Create LVM volume for /, /boot, and swap
root # pvcreate /dev/sdX3
root # vgcreate vg /dev/sdX3
root # lvcreate -L256M --name boot vg
Replace "2G" with the amount of swap you would like to make available.
root # lvcreate -L2G --name swap vg
root # lvcreate -l 100%FREE --name root vg
The "-l 100%FREE" option above will use the remainder of the disk for your root partition. If you would prefer to create separate for /home or /var (for example), you can instead continue to use the "-LXXG" option for fixed sizes.
Create filesystems on LVM volumes
- swap:
root # mkswap /dev/mapper/vg-swap
- for ext4:
root # mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-boot
root # mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-root
- for xfs:
root # mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vg-boot
root # mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vg-root
Create directories for chroot
root # mkdir -p /mnt/funtoo
Mount filesystems
root # mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt/funtoo
root # mkdir /mnt/funtoo/boot
root # mount /dev/mapper/vg-boot /mnt/funtoo/boot
Set the date
See the official Funtoo docs on setting the date.
Install the Funtoo starge tarball of your choice
These instructions will be using the generic64 next minimal stage3. You should adjust them accordingly.
or a stage more closely aligned to your hardware:
or funtoo from scratch generated stages:
root # cd /mnt/funtoo
root # wget https://build.funtoo.org/next/x86-64bit/generic_64/2022-09-13/stage3-generic_64-next-2022-09-13.tar.xz
root # tar --numeric-owner --xattrs --xattrs-include='*' -xpf *stage3*.tar.xz && rm -f *stage3*.tar.xz
Chroot into your new system
Traditional Method
root # mkdir /mnt/funtoo/proc
root # mount -t proc none /mnt/funtoo/proc
root # mkdir /mnt/funtoo/dev
root # mount --rbind /dev /mnt/funtoo/dev
root # mkdir /mnt/funtoo/sys
root # mount --rbind /sys /mnt/funtoo/sys
root # env -i HOME=/root TERM=$TERM $(which chroot) /mnt/funtoo /bin/bash -l
Fchroot Method
root # fchroot .
Configure your system
Set a new root password
root # passwd
Set hostname
root # echo 'hostname="NewFuntooInstall"' > /etc/conf.d/hostname
Set up DNS resolution
We are using the Cloudflare DNS server address here. Feel free to use your own.
root # echo "nameserver 1.1.1.1" > /etc/resolv.conf
Set your timezone
root # ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$(tzselect) /etc/localtime
Note your filesystem information
root # blkid
/dev/sdX2: UUID="6453-0C55" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="efi" PARTUUID="4e195c4b-f88c-4205-b9df-79a879704b2f" /dev/sdX3: UUID="aafe709b-82e7-448f-a2cb-36adc3787dc3" TYPE="crypto_LUKS" PARTLABEL="system" PARTUUID="93d0cf9b-0b95-4d8b-919f-48cd1774996f" /dev/mapper/root: UUID="hvz79n-I2VE-nR1c-0hDQ-PVkR-3GRb-rnuJ9C" TYPE="LVM2_member" /dev/mapper/vg-swap: UUID="a9188bc3-7def-422b-990d-9de431825779" TYPE="swap" /dev/mapper/vg-root: UUID="2eaf45e6-d33b-4155-b4ca-63a2fdbfb896" TYPE="ext4"
Configure /etc/fstab
this example uses xfs
root # cat > /etc/fstab << 'EOF' UUID=hvz79n-I2VE-nR1c-0hDQ-PVkR-3GRb-rnuJ9C /boot xfs noauto,noatime,nodiratime,defaults 0 1 UUID=a9188bc3-7def-422b-990d-9de431825779 none swap sw 0 0 UUID=2eaf45e6-d33b-4155-b4ca-63a2fdbfb896 / xfs noatime,nodiratime,defaults 0 1 tmpfs /var/tmp/portage tmpfs uid=portage,gid=portage,mode=775,noatime 0 0 LABEL=EFI /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1 EOF
run nano /etc/fstab & change the uuid values to your particular system
compile in ram:
root # mkdir /var/tmp/portage root # chown portage:portage /var/tmp/portage root # mount /var/tmp/portage
or exclude compiling in ram if your machine's not powerful enough:
root # umount /var/tmp/portage
Portage
Download the portage tree
root # ego sync
Edit package USE-flags
root # cat > /etc/portage/package.use <<'EOF' */* device-mapper lvm sys-kernel/linux-firmware initramfs EOF
Install necessary packages
root # emerge grub haveged intel-microcode linux-firmware lvm2 iucode_tool shim mokutil
Configure services to start at boot
root # rc-update add device-mapper sysinit
root # rc-update add lvmetad sysinit
root # rc-update add haveged default
root # rc-update add busybox-ntpd default
Install a bootloader
Configure /etc/boot.conf
The UUID parameter is set to the UUID of /dev/sdX3 as found from the blkid command above.
root # cat > /etc/boot.conf <<'EOF' boot { generate grub default "Funtoo Linux" timeout 3 } "Funtoo Linux" { kernel kernel[-v] initrd initramfs[-v] params += ramdisk.activate=lvm real_root=auto rootfstype=auto resume=/dev/mapper/vg-swap quiet } EOF
Install GRUB
For BIOS systems & UEFI legacy mode support
root # grub-install --target=i386-pc --no-floppy /dev/sdX
For UEFI systems
root # mount -o remount,rw /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
Install grub & shim
- load efi directory:
root # mkdir /boot/efi root # mount /boot/efi
- generate a sbat file to install with grub:
root # cat > /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv << EOF sbat,1,SBAT Version,sbat,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim/blob/main/SBAT.md grub,1,Free Software Foundation,grub,2.06,https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/ EOF
64bit systems
root # grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="Funtoo" --recheck /dev/sdX
root # cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTX64.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmx64.efi /boot/efi/EFI/Funtoo
- For usb keys & removable drives:
root # grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="BOOT" --no-nvram --recheck /dev/sdX
root # cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTX64.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmx64.efi /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT
32bit systems
root # grub-install --target=i386-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="Funtoo" --recheck /dev/sdX
root # cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTIA32.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmia32.efi /boot/efi/EFI/Funtoo
- For usb keys & removable drives:
root # grub-install --target=i386-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="BOOT" --no-nvram --recheck /dev/sdX
root # cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTIA32.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmia32.efi /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT
Generate a new initramfs
root # cd /boot && ramdisk --force --plugins=core,lvm $(ls /boot/initramfs-*)
Generate boot menu
root # ego boot update
Finishing installation
From this point, you should be able to finish following the official Funtoo Linux install instructions
Rechroot
In the event of build failure, to rechroot requires unlocking the root, re-mounting, and re-chroot.
root # mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt/funtoo && mount /dev/mapper/vg-boot /mnt/funtoo/boot root # cd /mnt/funtoo root # fchroot .